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6 posts from February 4, 2024 - February 10, 2024

Saturday, 10 February 2024

Water, Volume 16, Issue 3 (February-1 2024) - 146 Articles

It's Water-MDPI, Volume 16 (February-1 2024) - 146 Articles

Cover Story

Article: Analysing Urban Flooding Risk with CMIP5 and CMIP6 Climate Projections

Rafiu Oyelakin, Wenyu Yang and Peter Krebs

Water 2024, 16(3), 474; DOI: 10.3390/w16030474

Water and One Health

Article: Prediction of Sunlight- and Salinity-Driven Inactivation Kinetics of Microbial Indicators with Validation in a 3D Water Quality Model

Chomphunut Poopipattana, Motoaki Suzuki, Manish Kumar and Hiroaki Furumai

Water 2024, 16(3), 437; DOI: 10.3390/w16030437

Article: Public Water Service Disruptions: A Descriptive Analysis of Boil Water Advisories

Fahad Alzahrani and Rady Tawfik

Water 2024, 16(3), 443; DOI: 10.3390/w16030443

Water-Energy Nexus

Review: Halophytes/Saline Water/Deserts/Wastelands Nexus as a Scalable Climate Mitigation including Freshwater Impacts

Dennis M. Bushnell

Water 2024, 16(3), 373; DOI: 10.3390/w16030373

Article: Estimation of ET and Crop Water Productivity in a Semi-Arid Region Using a Large Aperture Scintillometer and Remote Sensing-Based SETMI Model

Pragya Singh, Vinay Kumar Sehgal, Rajkumar Dhakar, Christopher M. U. Neale, Ivo Zution Goncalves, Alka Rani, Prakash Kumar Jha, Deb Kumar Das, Joydeep Mukherjee, Manoj Khanna and Swatantra Kumar Dubey

Water 2024, 16(3), 422; DOI: 10.3390/w16030422

Article: Estimation of Energy Consumption and CO₂ Emissions of the Water Supply Sector: A Seoul Metropolitan City (SMC) Case Study

Li Li, Gyumin Lee and Doosun Kang

Water 2024, 16(3), 479; DOI: 10.3390/w16030479

Article: Role of Flexible Operation of a Wastewater Treatment Plant in the Reduction of Its Indirect Carbon Dioxide Emissions—A Case Study

Nilüfer Topuz, Frank Alsmeyer, Hasan Can Okutan and Hermann-Josef Roos

Water 2024, 16(3), 483; DOI: 10.3390/w16030483

Article: Economy of Scale of Energy Intensity in Aquifer Storage and Recovery (ASR)

Alyson H. Rapp, Robert B. Sowby and Gustavious Williams

Water 2024, 16(3), 503; DOI: 10.3390/w16030503

New Sensors, New Technologies and Machine Learning in Water Sciences

Review: Research on Water Resource Modeling Based on Machine Learning Technologies

Ze Liu, Jingzhao Zhou, Xiaoyang Yang, Zechuan Zhao and Yang Lv

Water 2024, 16(3), 472; DOI: 10.3390/w16030472

Article: Utilizing Hybrid Machine Learning and Soft Computing Techniques for Landslide Susceptibility Mapping in a Drainage Basin

Yimin Mao, Yican Li, Fei Teng, Arkan K. S. Sabonchi, Mohammad Azarafza and Maosheng Zhang

Water 2024, 16(3), 380; DOI: 10.3390/w16030380

Article: Mapping Water Bodies and Wetlands from Multispectral and SAR Data for the Cross-Border River Basins of the Polish–Ukrainian Border

Tetiana Melnychenko and Tatiana Solovey

Water 2024, 16(3), 407; DOI: 10.3390/w16030407

Article: Hydrochemical Characteristics and Indication to Geothermal Genesis of Low–Medium-Temperature Convection Geothermal Field in Yanshan Orogenic Basin, China

Wenzhen Yuan, Yifei Xing, Meihua Wei, Xinran Guo, Jin Liu, Jun Gao, Changsheng Zhang and Yuanzheng Zhai

Water 2024, 16(3), 433; DOI: 10.3390/w16030433

Article: Integrating Geographic Information Systems and Hydrometric Analysis for Assessing and Mitigating Building Vulnerability to Flash Flood Risks

Mohamed Wahba, Mustafa El-Rawy and Nassir Al-Arifi

Water 2024, 16(3), 434; DOI: 10.3390/w16030434

Article: Identifying the Most Discriminative Parameter for Water Quality Prediction Using Machine Learning Algorithms

Tapan Chatterjee, Usha Rani Gogoi, Animesh Samanta, Ayan Chatterjee, Mritunjay Kumar Singh and Srinivas Pasupuleti

Water 2024, 16(3), 481; DOI: 10.3390/w16030481

Hydrogeology

Review: Worldwide Distribution, Health Risk, Treatment Technology, and Development Tendency of Geogenic High-Arsenic Groundwater

Jiju Guo, Wengeng Cao, Guohui Lang, Qifa Sun, Tian Nan, Xiangzhi Li, Yu Ren and Zeyan Li

Water 2024, 16(3), 478; DOI: 10.3390/w16030478

Article: Seismic Safety Analysis of Interlaminar Rock Mass in the Distributed Underground Reservoir of a Coal Mine

Yong Zhang, Zhiguo Cao, Lujun Wang, Ersheng Zha, Shoubiao Li and Zhaofei Chu

Water 2024, 16(3), 366; DOI: 10.3390/w16030366

Article: Research on the Critical Value of Sand Permeability Particle Size and Its Permeability Law after Mixing

Cunjin Lu, Longfei Li, Jinpeng Xu, Hui Zhao and Mingyue Chen

Water 2024, 16(3), 393; DOI: 10.3390/w16030393

Article: Land Subsidence Model Inversion with the Estimation of Both Model Parameter Uncertainty and Predictive Uncertainty Using an Evolutionary-Based Data Assimilation (EDA) and Ensemble Model Output Statistics (EMOS)

Kento Akitaya and Masaatsu Aichi

Water 2024, 16(3), 423; DOI: 10.3390/w16030423

Article: Failure Prediction of Open-Pit Mine Landslides Containing Complex Geological Structures Using the Inverse Velocity Method

Yabin Tao, Ruixin Zhang and Han Du

Water 2024, 16(3), 430; DOI: 10.3390/w16030430

Article: Comprehension of Seismic-Induced Groundwater Level Rise in Unsaturated Sandy Layer Based on Soil–Water–Air Coupled Finite Deformation Analysis

Takahiro Yoshikawa and Toshihiro Noda

Water 2024, 16(3), 452; DOI: 10.3390/w16030452

Article: Land Subsidence Due to Groundwater Exploitation in Unconfined Aquifers: Experimental and Numerical Assessment with Computational Fluid Dynamics

Dayana Carolina Chalá, Edgar Quiñones-Bolaños and Mehrab Mehrvar

Water 2024, 16(3), 467; DOI: 10.3390/w16030467

Article: Integrated Assessment of Heavy Metal Pollution and Human Health Risks in Waters from a Former Iron Mining Site: A Case Study of the Canton of Bangeli, Togo

Bouwèdèo Toi Bissang, Antonio J. Aragón-Barroso, Gnon Baba, Jesús González-López and Francisco Osorio

Water 2024, 16(3), 471; DOI: 10.3390/w16030471

Article: Using Particle Swarm Optimization with Backpropagation Neural Networks and Analytic Hierarchy Process to Optimize the Power Generation Performance of Enhanced Geothermal System (EGS)

Ling Zhou, Peng Yan, Yanjun Zhang, Honglei Lei, Shuren Hao, Yueqiang Ma and Shaoyou Sun

Water 2024, 16(3), 509; DOI: 10.3390/w16030509

Editorial: Fluvial Geomorphology, River Management and Restoration

Salvatore Ivo Giano

Water 2024, 16(3), 432; DOI: 10.3390/w16030432

Soil and Water

Article: Impact of Diverse Rainfall Patterns and Their Interaction on Soil and Water Loss in a Small Watershed within a Typical Low Hilly Region

Yuhao Zhou, Guangcheng Shao and Yanhua Jiang

Water 2024, 16(3), 372; DOI: 10.3390/w16030372

Article: Application of SWAT Model for Assessment of Surface Runoff in Flash Flood Areas

Lakkana Suwannachai, Krit Sriworamas, Ounla Sivanpheng and Anongrit Kangrang

Water 2024, 16(3), 495; DOI: 10.3390/w16030495

Water and Climate Change

Review: Exploring Key Aspects of Sea Level Rise and Their Implications: An Overview

Leena Elneel, M. Sami Zitouni, Husameldin Mukhtar, Paolo Galli and Hussain Al-Ahmad

Water 2024, 16(3), 388; DOI: 10.3390/w16030388

Article: Understanding Hydrologic, Human, and Climate System Feedback Loops: Results of a Participatory Modeling Workshop

Jefferson K. Rajah, Ashley E. P. Atkins, Christine Tang, Kathelijne Bax, Brooke Wilkerson, Alexander G. Fernald and Saeed P. Langarudi

Water 2024, 16(3), 396; DOI: 10.3390/w16030396

Article: Estimating the Peak Outflow and Maximum Erosion Rate during the Breach of Embankment Dam

Mahmoud T. Ghonim, Ashraf Jatwary, Magdy H. Mowafy, Martina Zelenakova, Hany F. Abd-Elhamid, H. Omara and Hazem M. Eldeeb

Water 2024, 16(3), 399; DOI: 10.3390/w16030399

Article: Assessment of Future Climate Change Impacts on Groundwater Recharge Using Hydrological Modeling in the Choushui River Alluvial Fan, Taiwan

Thi-My-Linh Ngo, Shih-Jung Wang and Pei-Yuan Chen

Water 2024, 16(3), 419; DOI: 10.3390/w16030419

Article: Water–Rock–Organic Matter Interactions in Wetland Ecosystem: Hydrogeochemical Investigation and Computer Modeling

Olga Shvartseva, Olga Gaskova, Andrey Yurtaev, Anatoly Boguslavsky, Marina Kolpakova and Daria Mashkova

Water 2024, 16(3), 428; DOI: 10.3390/w16030428

Article: Analysis of Agricultural Drought Evolution Characteristics and Driving Factors in Inner Mongolia Inland River Basin Based on Three-Dimensional Recognition

Zezhong Zhang, Hengzhi Guo, Kai Feng, Fei Wang, Weijie Zhang and Jian Liu

Water 2024, 16(3), 440; DOI: 10.3390/w16030440

Article: Water Whiplash in Mediterranean Regions of the World

Citlalli Madrigal, Rama Bedri, Thomas Piechota, Wenzhao Li, Glenn Tootle and Hesham El-Askary

Water 2024, 16(3), 450; DOI: 10.3390/w16030450

Article: Future Trade-Off for Water Resource Allocation: The Role of Land Cover/Land Use Change

Onesmo Zakaria Sigalla, Sekela Twisa, Nyemo Amos Chilagane, Mohamed Fadhili Mwabumba, Juma Rajabu Selemani and Patrick Valimba

Water 2024, 16(3), 493; DOI: 10.3390/w16030493

Article: Spatial-Temporal Variations of Drought-Flood Abrupt Alternation Events in Southeast China

Bowen Zhang, Ying Chen, Xingwei Chen, Lu Gao and Meibing Liu

Water 2024, 16(3), 498; DOI: 10.3390/w16030498

Article: Understanding the Propagation of Meteorological Drought to Groundwater Drought: A Case Study of the North China Plain

Yuyin Chen, Yongqiang Zhang, Jing Tian, Zixuan Tang, Longhao Wang and Xuening Yang

Water 2024, 16(3), 501; DOI: 10.3390/w16030501

Article: Novel Approaches for the Empirical Assessment of Evapotranspiration over the Mediterranean Region

Ali Uzunlar and Muhammet Omer Dis

Water 2024, 16(3), 507; DOI: 10.3390/w16030507

Hydrology

Article: Phreatic Line Calculation of Reservoir Landslide under Complex Hydraulic Conditions—A Case Study

Lei Zhang, Chengming Ma, Jiachen Yuan, Jinghong Wu and Heming Han

Water 2024, 16(3), 375; DOI: 10.3390/w16030375

Article: Navigating Flood Resilience: Challenges, Solutions, and Lessons Learnt from the Dominican Republic

Hamlet David Reynoso Vanderhorst, Chaminda Pathirage and David Proverbs

Water 2024, 16(3), 382; DOI: 10.3390/w16030382

Article: Modeling the Transport of Inorganic Arsenic Species through Field Soils: Irrigation and Soil Structure Effect

Shah Rukh, Mohammad Saleem Akhtar, Fahad Alshehri, Ayaz Mehmood, Kouser Majeed Malik, Sattam Almadani, Ahmad Khan and Muhammad Shahab

Water 2024, 16(3), 386; DOI: 10.3390/w16030386

Article: A Weighted Overlay Analysis for Assessing Urban Flood Risks in Arid Lands: A Case Study of Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

Talal Alharbi

Water 2024, 16(3), 397; DOI: 10.3390/w16030397

Article: Impact of Levee-Breach Width on the Channel–Levee–Floodplain: A Case Study in the Huaihe River Basin, China

Yong Hu, Tianling Qin, Guoqiang Dong, Qibing Zhang, Xiaofeng Chen, Minjie Wang, Hongwei Ruan and Lei Wang

Water 2024, 16(3), 413; DOI: 10.3390/w16030413

Article: Improvement and Evaluation of CLM5 Application in the Songhua River Basin Based on CaMa-Flood

Heng Li, Zhiwei Zhang and Zhen Zhang

Water 2024, 16(3), 442; DOI: 10.3390/w16030442

Article: Data-Driven Deformation Prediction of Accumulation Landslides in the Middle Qinling-Bashan Mountains Area

Juan Ma, Qiang Yang, Mingzhi Zhang, Yao Chen, Wenyi Zhao, Chengyu Ouyang and Dongping Ming

Water 2024, 16(3), 464; DOI: 10.3390/w16030464

Article: An Assessment of Six Years of Precipitation Stable Isotope and Tritium Activity Concentration Records at Station Sv. Urban, Eastern Slovenia

Polona Vreča, Tjaša Kanduč, Marko Štrok, Klara Žagar, Matteo Nigro and Michele Barsanti

Water 2024, 16(3), 469; DOI: 10.3390/w16030469

Article: Risk Colored Snake (RCS): An Innovative Method for Evaluating Flooding Risk of Linear Hydraulic Infrastructures

José-Luis Molina, Santiago Zazo, Fernando Espejo, Carmen Patino-Alonso, Irene Blanco-Gutiérrez and Domingo Zarzo

Water 2024, 16(3), 506; DOI: 10.3390/w16030506

Wastewater Treatment and Reuse

Article: The Assessment of Sewage Sludge Utilization in Closed-Loop Economy from an Environmental Perspective

Agata Janaszek, Alessandra Furtado da Silva, Nebojša Jurišević, Maria Kanuchova, Ľubica Kozáková and Robert Kowalik

Water 2024, 16(3), 383; DOI: 10.3390/w16030383

Article: Direct Membrane Filtration of Wastewater: A Comparison between Real and Synthetic Wastewater

Ahmet Erkan Uman, Robert A. Bair and Daniel H. Yeh

Water 2024, 16(3), 405; DOI: 10.3390/w16030405

Article: Constructing Z-Scheme 3D WO₃@Co₂SnO₄ Heterojunction as Dual-Photocathode for Production of H₂O₂ and In-Situ Degradation of Organic Pollutants

Danfeng Zhang, Lei Zhang, Changwei An and Min Wang

Water 2024, 16(3), 406; DOI: 10.3390/w16030406

Article: Heterotrophic Nitrification–Aerobic Denitrification by Bacillus sp. L2: Mechanism of Denitrification and Strain Immobilization

Qiang Li, Yuehui He, Boyan Wang, Nanhai Weng, Lei Zhang, Kaichun Wang, Fengrong Tian, Mingsheng Lyu and Shujun Wang

Water 2024, 16(3), 416; DOI: 10.3390/w16030416

Article: Capacity and Mechanisms of Phosphate Adsorption on Lanthanum-Modified Dewatered Sludge-Based Biochar

Jingjing Mo, Qian Li, Xiaojie Sun, Hongxia Zhang, Meiyan Xing, Bin Dong and Hongxiang Zhu

Water 2024, 16(3), 418; DOI: 10.3390/w16030418

Article: A Newly Isolated Rhodococcus sp. S2 from Landfill Leachate Capable of Heterotrophic Nitrification and Aerobic Denitrification

Xianglan Chen, Shuangfei Li, Wenxuan Zhang, Shaofeng Li, Yurong Gu and Liao Ouyang

Water 2024, 16(3), 431; DOI: 10.3390/w16030431

Article: Photodegradation of Methylene Blue Using a UV/H₂O₂ Irradiation System

Mohammad Ashraf Ali, Ibrahim M. Maafa and Isam Y. Qudsieh

Water 2024, 16(3), 453; DOI: 10.3390/w16030453

Article: Innovative Solutions for Water Treatment: Unveiling the Potential of Polyoxazoline Polymer Activated Carbon Composite for Efficient Elimination of Lead Ions

Abdelfattah Amari, Mohamed Boujelbene, Fatima Moayad Sami, Noureddine Elboughdiri, Chandrakant Sonawane, Sujay Raghavendra Naganna and Saad Sh. Sammen

Water 2024, 16(3), 466; DOI: 10.3390/w16030466

Article: Study of Chlorella sorokiniana Cultivation in an Airlift Tubular Photobioreactor Using Anaerobic Digestate Substrate

Paraskevi Psachoulia, Christos Chatzidoukas and Petros Samaras

Water 2024, 16(3), 485; DOI: 10.3390/w16030485

Article: Enhanced Peroxydisulfate (PDS) Activation for Sulfamethoxazole (SMX) Degradation by Modified Sludge Biochar: Focusing on the Role of Functional Groups

Yuting He, Jiantao Lin, Yuchuan Yang, Minghua Liu and Yifan Liu

Water 2024, 16(3), 505; DOI: 10.3390/w16030505

Article: A Study on the Efficiency of Green Technology Innovation in Listed Chinese Water Environment Treatment Companies

Ying Wang, Yahan Shi, Xiaofeng Xu and Yunjie Zhu

Water 2024, 16(3), 510; DOI: 10.3390/w16030510

Article: Removal of Heavy Metals and Bulk Organics towards Application in Modified Constructed Wetlands Using Activated Carbon and Zeolites

Luca M. Ofiera, Purnendu Bose and Christian Kazner

Water 2024, 16(3), 511; DOI: 10.3390/w16030511

Water Resources Management, Policy and Governance

Article: Methodology for Exploring Water and Hydropower Operating Criteria That Simultaneously Improve Economic and Environmental Considerations

Quentin Ploussard, Thomas Veselka and Thushara De Silva

Water 2024, 16(3), 371; DOI: 10.3390/w16030371

Article: Determining the Dependence of a Landscape’s Ecological Stability and the Intensity of Erosion during 1990–2018

Zuzana Németová, Silvia Kohnová and Zuzana Sabová

Water 2024, 16(3), 378; DOI: 10.3390/w16030378

Article: Landscape Changes in the Bavarian Foothills since the 1960s and the Effects on Predicted Erosion Processes and Control

Sarah Höfler, Gerald Ringler, Clemens Gumpinger, Felix Reebs, Johannes Schnell and Christoph Hauer

Water 2024, 16(3), 417; DOI: 10.3390/w16030417

Article: Climate Change Impacts on Nitrate Leaching and Groundwater Nitrate Dynamics Using a Holistic Approach and Med-CORDEX Climatic Models

Aikaterini Lyra, Athanasios Loukas, Pantelis Sidiropoulos and Lampros Vasiliades

Water 2024, 16(3), 465; DOI: 10.3390/w16030465

Article: Reuse of Treated Wastewater for Crop Irrigation: Water Suitability, Fertilization Potential, and Impact on Selected Soil Physicochemical Properties

Solomon Ofori, David Kwesi Abebrese, Iveta Růžičková and Jiří Wanner

Water 2024, 16(3), 484; DOI: 10.3390/w16030484

Article: Water Quality Monitoring in the Volga Headwaters

Vyacheslav V. Kuzovlev, Irina L. Grigoryeva, Ekaterina A. Chekmareva and Martin Schletterer

Water 2024, 16(3), 491; DOI: 10.3390/w16030491

Article: The Influence of Typhoon Events on the Design Storm for the Shanghai Metropolitan Area in the Yangtze River Delta, China

Yuting Jin, Shuguang Liu, Zhengzheng Zhou, Qi Zhuang and Min Liu

Water 2024, 16(3), 508; DOI: 10.3390/w16030508

Water Quality and Contamination

Review: Natural Organic Matter Character in Drinking Water Distribution Systems: A Review of Impacts on Water Quality and Characterization Techniques

Ammar Riyadh and Nicolas M. Peleato

Water 2024, 16(3), 446; DOI: 10.3390/w16030446

Review: Review on Research and Application of Enhanced In-Situ Bioremediation Agents for Organic Pollution Remediation in Groundwater

Mingyu Xie, Xiaoran Zhang, Yuanyuan Jing, Xinyue Du, Ziyang Zhang and Chaohong Tan

Water 2024, 16(3), 456; DOI: 10.3390/w16030456

Article: The First Evidence of the Water Bioremediation Potential of Ficopomatus enigmaticus (Fauvel 1923): From Threat to Resource?

Manuela Piccardo, Verdiana Vellani, Serena Anselmi, Tecla Bentivoglio, Francesca Provenza, Monia Renzi and Stanislao Bevilacqua

Water 2024, 16(3), 368; DOI: 10.3390/w16030368

Article: Evaluating the Ecological Impact of Wastewater Discharges on Microbial and Contaminant Dynamics in Rivers

Wenjie Jing, Shahdev Sajnani, Mengting Zhou, Hongfei Zhu and Ya Xu

Water 2024, 16(3), 377; DOI: 10.3390/w16030377

Article: The Modeling of a River Impacted with Tailings Mudflows Based on the Differentiation of Spatiotemporal Domains and Assessment of Water–Sediment Interactions Using Machine Learning Approaches

João Paulo Moura, Fernando António Leal Pacheco, Renato Farias do Valle Junior, Maytê Maria Abreu Pires de Melo Silva, Teresa Cristina Tarlé Pissarra, Marília Carvalho de Melo, Carlos Alberto Valera, Luís Filipe Sanches Fernandes and Glauco de Souza Rolim

Water 2024, 16(3), 379; DOI: 10.3390/w16030379

Article: Evaluation of the Performance of Nature-Based Constructed Wetlands for Treating Wastewater from Various Land Uses in Korea

Hyeseon Choi, Minsu Jeon, Franz Kevin Geronimo, Lee-Hyung Kim and Joong-Hyuk Min

Water 2024, 16(3), 381; DOI: 10.3390/w16030381

Article: Electrodeionization for Wastewater Reuse in Petrochemical Plants

Andréia Barros dos Santos, Alexandre Giacobbo, Marco Antônio Siqueira Rodrigues and Andréa Moura Bernardes

Water 2024, 16(3), 401; DOI: 10.3390/w16030401

Article: Differential Impacts of Road De-icers on Freshwater Bacterial Communities

Troy A. Martin, Collin L. Juurakko, Tia Harrison, Shelley E. Arnott and Virginia K. Walker

Water 2024, 16(3), 426; DOI: 10.3390/w16030426

Article: Numerical Study of the Riverine Microplastic Distribution in the Arctic Ocean

Elena Golubeva and Marina Gradova

Water 2024, 16(3), 441; DOI: 10.3390/w16030441

Article: Impacts of Acetochlor on Nitrogen-Cycling-Related Microbial Communities in Riparian Zone Soils

Chunjian Lyu, Jianglong Cui, Fangyuan Jin, Xiaojie Li and Yaning Xu

Water 2024, 16(3), 461; DOI: 10.3390/w16030461

Article: Reprocessing and Resource Utilization of Landfill Sludge—A Case Study in a Chinese Megacity

Yifeng Yang, Jingshuai Luan, Jing Nie, Xin Zhang, Jiong Du, Gang Zhao, Lei Dong, Yong Fan, He Cui and Yubo Li

Water 2024, 16(3), 468; DOI: 10.3390/w16030468

Article: Characteristics and Impact Evaluation of Hydrological and Water Quality Changes in the Northern Plain of Cixi, Eastern China, from 2010 to 2022

Yinghui Zhao, Mengyuan Jiang, Jing Cheng and Congfeng Jiang

Water 2024, 16(3), 489; DOI: 10.3390/w16030489

Brief Report: A First Attempt to Describe the Real-Time Behavior and Fate of Marine Litter Items in the Nearshore and Foreshore under Low Energetic Marine Conditions

Giorgio Anfuso, Oscar Álvarez, Grazia Dilauro, Gaetano Sabato, Giovanni Scardino, Angelo Sozio and Angela Rizzo

Water 2024, 16(3), 409; DOI: 10.3390/w16030409

Urban Water Management

Article: Transparency and Digitalization in Water Services: Reality or Still a Dream?

Elisabeth Zafra-Gómez, Marta Garrido-Montañés, Germán López-Pérez and María-Angustias Navarro-Ruiz

Water 2024, 16(3), 367; DOI: 10.3390/w16030367

Article: Comparative Analysis of Flood Prevention and Control at LID Facilities with Runoff and Flooding as Control Objectives Based on InfoWorks ICM

Xinyue Cheng, Hao Wang, Bin Chen, Zhi Li and Jinjun Zhou

Water 2024, 16(3), 374; DOI: 10.3390/w16030374

Article: County-Level Flash Flood Warning Framework Coupled with Disaster-Causing Mechanism

Meihong Ma, Nan Zhang, Jiufei Geng, Manrong Qiao, Hongyu Ren and Qing Li

Water 2024, 16(3), 376; DOI: 10.3390/w16030376

Article: Evaluating the Effectiveness of Coagulation–Flocculation Treatment Using Aluminum Sulfate on a Polluted Surface Water Source: A Year-Long Study

Hichem Tahraoui, Selma Toumi, Meriem Boudoukhani, Nabil Touzout, Asma Nour El Houda Sid, Abdeltif Amrane, Abd-Elmouneïm Belhadj, Mohamed Hadjadj, Yacine Laichi, Mohamed Aboumustapha, Mohammed Kebir, Abdellah Bouguettoucha, Derradji Chebli, Aymen Amin Assadi and Jie Zhang

Water 2024, 16(3), 400; DOI: 10.3390/w16030400

Article: Wasserstein-Enabled Leaks Localization in Water Distribution Networks

Andrea Ponti, Ilaria Giordani, Antonio Candelieri and Francesco Archetti

Water 2024, 16(3), 412; DOI: 10.3390/w16030412

Article: A Tool for Identifying Suitable Places for the Placement of Blue-Green Infrastructure Elements, a Case Study on the Cities of the Moravian-Silesian Region, Czech Republic

Marek Teichmann, Natalie Szeligova, Michal Faltejsek and Stepan Chvatik

Water 2024, 16(3), 424; DOI: 10.3390/w16030424

Article: Iterative Search Space Reduction (iSSR) for Optimal Flood Control in Urban Drainage Networks

Ulrich A. Ngamalieu-Nengoue, Pedro L. Iglesias-Rey, F. Javier Martínez-Solano and Daniel Mora-Meliá

Water 2024, 16(3), 458; DOI: 10.3390/w16030458

Article: How to Minimize the Nitrogen Pollution Risk of Applying Reclaimed Sewage for Urban Turfgrass Irrigation

Yali Li, Hongjuan Zhang, Mengzhu Liu and Hongwei Pei

Water 2024, 16(3), 460; DOI: 10.3390/w16030460

Article: China’s Urban Water Utilization Based on the Water Footprint Methodology

Yilinuer Alifujiang, Na Lu, Pingping Feng and Ying Jiang

Water 2024, 16(3), 462; DOI: 10.3390/w16030462

Article: Optimization of Chlorine Injection Schedule in Water Distribution Networks Using Water Age and Breadth-First Search Algorithm

Flavia D. Frederick, Malvin S. Marlim and Doosun Kang

Water 2024, 16(3), 486; DOI: 10.3390/w16030486

Editorial: Urban Runoff Control and Sponge City Construction: Important Topics

Haifeng Jia, Jiangyong Hu, Dafang Fu and Wei-Shan Chen

Water 2024, 16(3), 497; DOI: 10.3390/w16030497

Hydraulics and Hydrodynamics

Article: Optimization of Collective Irrigation Network Layout through the Application of the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) Multicriteria Analysis Method

César González-Pavón, Carmen Virginia Palau, Juan Manzano Juárez, Vicente Estruch-Guitart, Santiago Guillem-Picó and Ibán Balbastre-Peralta

Water 2024, 16(3), 370; DOI: 10.3390/w16030370

Article: A Dam Safety State Prediction and Analysis Method Based on EMD-SSA-LSTM

Xin Yang, Yan Xiang, Yakun Wang and Guangze Shen

Water 2024, 16(3), 395; DOI: 10.3390/w16030395

Article: Predicting the Flow Fields in Meandering Rivers with a Deep Super-Resolution Convolutional Neural Network

Xiaohui Yan, Fu Du, Tianqi Zhang, Qian Cui, Zuhao Zhu and Ziming Song

Water 2024, 16(3), 425; DOI: 10.3390/w16030425

Article: Effects of Dredging on Nitrogen and Phosphorus Storage Patterns and Retention Mechanisms in Column Core Sediments in the Caohai Region of Dianchi Lake

Mingyan Liu, Yan Yang, Zhi Shao, Yaping Liu, Ziqi Wang, Zhengqing Chen, Mingang Chen, Lixin Jiao, Di Song, Jingyu Li and Jing Wang

Water 2024, 16(3), 449; DOI: 10.3390/w16030449

Article: Research on Hydrolithospheric Processes Using the Results of Groundwater Inflow Testing

Mir-Amal M. Asadulagi, Ivan M. Pershin and Valentina V. Tsapleva

Water 2024, 16(3), 487; DOI: 10.3390/w16030487

Article: A Case Study for Stability Analysis of a Toppling Bank Slope with Fault Fracture Zones Developed under the Action of Bridge Loads and Reservoir Water

Xiaokai Li, Xiaolong Zhang, Faming Zhang, Jian Huang, Shixiong Tang and Zhiqing Liu

Water 2024, 16(3), 494; DOI: 10.3390/w16030494

Biodiversity and Functionality of Aquatic Ecosystems

Article: How Daphnia magna Defends Itself against Predators: Mechanisms and Adaptations in a Freshwater Microcosm

Goran Kovačević, Petra Tramontana Ljubičić, Daniela Petrinec, Damir Sirovina, Maja Novosel and Davor Želježić

Water 2024, 16(3), 398; DOI: 10.3390/w16030398

Article: Post-Restoration Monitoring of Wetland Restored from Farmland Indicated That Its Effectiveness Barely Measured Up

Rui Cao, Jingyu Wang, Xue Tian, Yuanchun Zou, Ming Jiang, Han Yu, Chunli Zhao and Xiran Zhou

Water 2024, 16(3), 410; DOI: 10.3390/w16030410

Article: Unraveling Zooplankton Diversity in a Pre-Alpine Lake: A Comparative Analysis of ZooScan and DNA Metabarcoding Methods

Christian Vogelmann, Andrea Barco, Jean-Michel Knust and Herwig Stibor

Water 2024, 16(3), 411; DOI: 10.3390/w16030411

Article: Prokaryotic Microbial Diversity Analysis and Preliminary Prediction of Metabolic Function in Salt Lakes on the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau

Man Zhang, Jiangwa Xing, Qifu Long, Guoping Shen, Derui Zhu and Yongzhen Li

Water 2024, 16(3), 451; DOI: 10.3390/w16030451

Article: Identification and Distribution Characteristics of Odorous Compounds in Sediments of a Shallow Water Reservoir

Jiahe Wang, Hongbin Zhu, Cong Wang, Longji Zhang, Rong Zhang, Cancan Jiang, Lei Wang, Yingyu Tan, Yi He, Shengjun Xu and Xuliang Zhuang

Water 2024, 16(3), 455; DOI: 10.3390/w16030455

Article: Characteristics of Groundwater Microbial Community Composition and Environmental Response in the Yimuquan Aquifer, North China Plain

Huaisheng Zhang, Yonggao Lv, Tao Zhang, Lei Zhang, Xuemei Ma, Xuesong Liu and Sheng Lian

Water 2024, 16(3), 459; DOI: 10.3390/w16030459

Oceans and Coastal Zones

Article: Where Is the Path to Sustainable Marine Development? Evaluation and Empirical Analysis of the Synergy between Marine Carrying Capacity and Marine Economy High-Quality Development

Xiaolong Chen, Zhe Yu, Chenlu Liang and Qianbin Di

Water 2024, 16(3), 394; DOI: 10.3390/w16030394

Article: Waveform Imaging Based on Linear Forward Representations for Scalar Wave Seismic Data

Fangzheng Lu, Shengchang Chen and Guoxin Chen

Water 2024, 16(3), 403; DOI: 10.3390/w16030403

Article: Numerical Simulation of the Marine Environmental Capacity of Jinpu Bay

Yanni Hao, Lei Cui, Pan Zhang, Jie Huang, Jishun Yan and Hengzhi Jiang

Water 2024, 16(3), 404; DOI: 10.3390/w16030404

Article: How Does the Government Guide Marine Resource Enterprises in China to Improve Their Business Performance? A Path Analysis Based on DEA-fsQCA

Juying Wang and Jialu Chen

Water 2024, 16(3), 408; DOI: 10.3390/w16030408

Article: Sedimentary Processes and Instability on the Mississippi River Delta Front near the Shipwreck of the SS Virginia

Nathan Figueredo, Samuel J. Bentley, Jason D. Chaytor, Kehui Xu, Navid Jafari, Ioannis Y. Georgiou, Melanie Damour, Jeffrey Duxbury, Jeffrey Obelcz and Jillian Maloney

Water 2024, 16(3), 421; DOI: 10.3390/w16030421

Article: Short-Term Sediment Dispersal on a Large Retreating Coastal River Delta via ²³⁴Th and ⁷Be Sediment Geochronology: The Mississippi River Delta Front

Andrew Courtois, Samuel Bentley, Jillian Maloney, Kehui Xu, Jason Chaytor, Ioannis Y. Georgiou, Michael D. Miner, Jeffrey Obelcz, Navid H. Jafari and Melanie Damour

Water 2024, 16(3), 463; DOI: 10.3390/w16030463

Water Erosion and Sediment Transport

Article: An Integrated Current–Wave–Sediment Model for Coastal and Estuary Simulation

Yong G. Lai

Water 2024, 16(3), 415; DOI: 10.3390/w16030415

Water Use and Scarcity

Article: Assessing Water-Saving Technologies and the Impact of Giant Tortoise Herbivory on the Restoration of Opuntia megasperma var. orientalis on Española Island—Galapagos

David Cevallos and Patricia Jaramillo Díaz

Water 2024, 16(3), 369; DOI: 10.3390/w16030369

Article: A Comparative Study of the Driving Factors of Water Resources Use Efficiency in China’s Agricultural and Industrial Sectors

Jianghong Li, Zhengwei Huang, Lingfang Zhou, Yongyu Dai and Yang Yang

Water 2024, 16(3), 387; DOI: 10.3390/w16030387

Water, Agriculture and Aquaculture

Article: The Water Footprint of Pastoral Dairy Farming: The Effect of Water Footprint Methods, Data Sources and Spatial Scale

Caleb D. Higham, Ranvir Singh and David J. Horne

Water 2024, 16(3), 391; DOI: 10.3390/w16030391

Article: Determinants of Irrigation Technology Adoption and Acreage Allocation in Crop Production in Louisiana, USA

Tej K. Gautam, Krishna P. Paudel and Kurt M. Guidry

Water 2024, 16(3), 392; DOI: 10.3390/w16030392

Article: Water Footprints of Dairy Milk Processing Industry: A Case Study of Punjab (India)

Hanish Sharma, Pranav K. Singh, Inderpreet Kaur and Ranvir Singh

Water 2024, 16(3), 435; DOI: 10.3390/w16030435

Article: Development and Validation of a Crop and Nitrate Leaching Model for Potato Cropping Systems in a Temperate–Humid Region

Serban Danielescu, Kerry T. B. MacQuarrie, Judith Nyiraneza, Bernie Zebarth, Negar Sharifi-Mood, Mark Grimmett, Taylor Main and Mona Levesque

Water 2024, 16(3), 475; DOI: 10.3390/w16030475

Article: Allantoin and Tissue Specific Redox Regulation in Mud Crab Scylla serrata under Varied Natural Water Physico-Chemical Parameters

Samar Gourav Pati, Biswaranjan Paital and Dipak Kumar Sahoo

Water 2024, 16(3), 480; DOI: 10.3390/w16030480

General

Review: Interaction between Microplastics and Pathogens in Subsurface System: What We Know So Far

Hongyu Zhao, Xiaotao Hong, Juanfen Chai, Bo Wan, Kaichao Zhao, Cuihong Han, Wenjing Zhang and Huan Huan

Water 2024, 16(3), 499; DOI: 10.3390/w16030499

Article: Assessment of Water Resource Utilization and Analysis of Driving Factors in Zhoushan City Based on Water Footprint Theory and LMDI Model

Jirong Feng, Chaona Gu, Sizheng Li, Liuzhu Wang, Feng Gui, Sheng Zhao and Bin Zhang

Water 2024, 16(3), 385; DOI: 10.3390/w16030385

Article: Water Renewal Time in Lakes with Transformed Water Distribution in the Catchment Areas

Jarosław Dawidek and Beata Ferencz

Water 2024, 16(3), 384; DOI: 10.3390/w16030384

Article: Optimization of Forest and Grass Vegetation Distribution in the Aksu River Basin by Water Resources Carrying Capacity

Zhao Qi, Lei Xi, Mengchun Cui, Lili Wang, Yiming Feng and Xiaoming Cao

Water 2024, 16(3), 389; DOI: 10.3390/w16030389

Article: Foam Segmentation in Wastewater Treatment Plants

Joaquín Carballo Mato, Sonia González Vázquez, Jesús Fernández Águila, Ángel Delgado Rodríguez, Xin Lin, Lucía Garabato Gándara, Juan Sobreira Seoane and Jose Silva Castro

Water 2024, 16(3), 390; DOI: 10.3390/w16030390

Article: Lotic Ecosystem Sediment Microbial Communities’ Resilience to the Impact of Wastewater Effluents in a Polluted European Hotspot—Mureș Basin (Transylvania, Romania)

Ioana Boeraș, Alexandru Burcea, Doru Bănăduc, David-Ioan Florea and Angela Curtean-Bănăduc

Water 2024, 16(3), 402; DOI: 10.3390/w16030402

Article: Spatio-Temporal Evaluation of Water Resources System Resilience and Identification of Its Driving Factors in the Yellow River Basin

Jiaqi Li, Weijun He, Enhui Jiang, Bo Qu, Liang Yuan, Dagmawi Mulugeta Degefu and Thomas Stephen Ramsey

Water 2024, 16(3), 414; DOI: 10.3390/w16030414

Article: Exploring the Impact of Land Use Scales on Water Quality Based on the Random Forest Model: A Case Study of the Shaying River Basin, China

Maofeng Weng, Xinyu Zhang, Pujian Li, Hongxue Liu, Qiuyu Liu and Yao Wang

Water 2024, 16(3), 420; DOI: 10.3390/w16030420

Article: A Methodology for the Prediction of Extreme Precipitation in Complex Terrains: A Case Study of Central Southwest China

Shiyun Lei, Shujie Yu, Jilin Sun, Zhixuan Wang and Yanzhen Liao

Water 2024, 16(3), 427; DOI: 10.3390/w16030427

Article: Evaluation of Groundwater Vulnerability of Yishu River Basin Based on DRASTIC-GIS Model

Jiaqi Hu, Peng Yang, Qiang Li, Min Wang, Jianguo Feng, Zongjun Gao and Jiutan Liu

Water 2024, 16(3), 429; DOI: 10.3390/w16030429

Article: Toward Systematic Literature Reviews in Hydrological Sciences

David De León Pérez, Rick Acosta Vega, Sergio Salazar Galán, José Ángel Aranda and Félix Francés García

Water 2024, 16(3), 436; DOI: 10.3390/w16030436

Article: Debating the Rules: An Experimental Approach to Assess Cyprinid Passage Performance Thresholds in Vertical Slot Fishways

Filipe Romão, Ana L. Quaresma, Joana Simão, Francisco J. Bravo-Córdoba, Teresa Viseu, José M. Santos, Francisco J. Sanz-Ronda and António N. Pinheiro

Water 2024, 16(3), 439; DOI: 10.3390/w16030439

Article: Scour Pit Characteristics and Safety Operation Index of Riprap Spur Dikes under Runoff and Tidal Current

Yuchong Wei, Aixing Ma, Ya Deng, Ying Hu, Manhong Liu and Minxiong Cao

Water 2024, 16(3), 438; DOI: 10.3390/w16030438

Article: An Empirical Relation for Estimating Sediment Particle Size in Meandering Gravel-Bed Rivers

Arman Nejat Dehkordi, Ahmad Sharafati, Mojtaba Mehraein and Seyed Abbas Hosseini

Water 2024, 16(3), 444; DOI: 10.3390/w16030444

Article: Laboratory Investigation on the Hydrodynamic Response of a Draft Varying Floating Breakwater (and Wave Energy Converter)

Sara Russo, Pasquale Contestabile, Diego Vicinanza and Claudio Lugni

Water 2024, 16(3), 445; DOI: 10.3390/w16030445

Article: Microplastic Contamination in Shrimps from the Negombo Lagoon—Sri Lanka

P. L. M. J. H. Lawan, D. S. M. De Silva, A. A. D. Amarathunga, A. McGoran, A. Bakir, D. B. Sivyer and C. Reeve

Water 2024, 16(3), 447; DOI: 10.3390/w16030447

Article: Using GIS Techniques to Determine Appropriate Locations for Constructing Concrete Water Canals in the Baranti Plain of Erbil Governorate, Iraq

Twana Abdulrahman Hamad, Mehmet Ali Çullu, Ali Volkan Bilgili, Erhan Akça and Soran O. Ahmed

Water 2024, 16(3), 448; DOI: 10.3390/w16030448

Article: Fault Diagnosis in Hydroelectric Units in Small-Sample State Based on Wasserstein Generative Adversarial Network

Wenhao Sun, Yidong Zou, Yunhe Wang, Boyi Xiao, Haichuan Zhang and Zhihuai Xiao

Water 2024, 16(3), 454; DOI: 10.3390/w16030454

Article: Global Meta-Analysis of Nitrate Leaching Vulnerability in Synthetic and Organic Fertilizers over the Past Four Decades

Naila Sumreen Hina

Water 2024, 16(3), 457; DOI: 10.3390/w16030457

Article: Temperature Drainage and Environmental Impact of Water Source Heat Pump Energy Station

Zhigang Ren, Shize Yang, Jiaji Zhang, Qiankun Wang, Shuqiang Gui, Junli Zhou, Yuyang Tang, Ke Zhu, Chuxiong Shen, Zhihua Xiong, Jinlong Sun, Xinpeng Qiu and Zhuo Chen

Water 2024, 16(3), 470; DOI: 10.3390/w16030470

Article: Assessment of Multi-Regional Comprehensive Benefits of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project in China

Mingming Yang, Changhai Qin, Yongnan Zhu, Yong Zhao, Guohua He and Lizhen Wang

Water 2024, 16(3), 473; DOI: 10.3390/w16030473

Article: Zeta Diversity Reveals the Small Wetland Complex Promotes Biodiversity

Jun Chen, Fuchao Zheng, Dianpeng Li, Rixiu Zhou, Wenming Jv, Xin Leng, Lu Xia and Shuqing An

Water 2024, 16(3), 476; DOI: 10.3390/w16030476

Article: Monitoring of Fish Migration in Fishways and Rivers—The Infrared Fish Counter “Riverwatcher” as a Suitable Tool for Long-Term Monitoring

Christian Haas, Philipp Klaus Thumser, Michael Hellmair, Tyler J. Pilger and Martin Schletterer

Water 2024, 16(3), 477; DOI: 10.3390/w16030477

Article: A Field Study to Investigate the Hydrological Characteristics of Newly Established Biochar-Amended Green Roofs

Cuong Ngoc Nguyen, Hing-Wah Chau and Nitin Muttil

Water 2024, 16(3), 482; DOI: 10.3390/w16030482

Article: Hydrological Simulation Study in Gansu Province of China Based on Flash Flood Analysis

Bingyu Zhang, Yingtang Wei, Ronghua Liu, Shunzhen Tian and Kai Wei

Water 2024, 16(3), 488; DOI: 10.3390/w16030488

Article: Experimental Study on the Accumulation Characteristics and Submergence Degree of Three-Dimensional Granular Rock Landslides in Shallow-Water Areas

Meili Wang, Ye Tian, Shengfa Yang and Pingyi Wang

Water 2024, 16(3), 490; DOI: 10.3390/w16030490

Article: Experimental Study on Scouring and Silting and Channel Planning Based on the Entrance Area of Shenqiu Wharf

Yu Zhang, Xiangqiao Wang, Yuwen Yang and Bo Chen

Water 2024, 16(3), 492; DOI: 10.3390/w16030492

Article: Disintegration Characteristics of Highly Weathered Granite under the Influence of Scouring

Xiyang He, Chengyu Liu, Xiangxiang Zhang, Changyu Wu and Zhiyu Weng

Water 2024, 16(3), 496; DOI: 10.3390/w16030496

Article: Study on Numerical Simulation of Reactive-Transport of Groundwater Pollutants Caused by Acid Leaching of Uranium: A Case Study in Bayan-Uul Area, Northern China

Haibo Li, Zhonghua Tang and Dongjin Xiang

Water 2024, 16(3), 500; DOI: 10.3390/w16030500

Article: Investigating Temporal and Spatial Variations of Nutrient and Trace Metal Loading in Utah Lake (Utah, USA)

Weihong Wang, Alessandro Zanazzi, Eddy Cadet, Henintsoa Rakotoarisaona and Hannah Peterson

Water 2024, 16(3), 502; DOI: 10.3390/w16030502

Article: Energy Transition in Urban Water Infrastructures towards Sustainable Cities

Helena M. Ramos, Modesto Pérez-Sánchez, Prajwal S. M. Guruprasad, Armando Carravetta, Alban Kuriqi, Oscar E. Coronado-Hernández, João F. P. Fernandes, Paulo J. Costa Branco and Petra Amparo López-Jiménez

Water 2024, 16(3), 504; DOI: 10.3390/w16030504

Special Issues Open for Submissions Conflict and Cooperation: The Duality of Cross-Border Water Governance (Deadline: 10 March 2024) Model-Based Irrigation Management (Deadline: 10 March 2024) Current Trends and Future Challenges of Marine Microplastic Pollution (Deadline: 10 March 2024) Coastal Restoration and Ecological Functions Enhancement (Deadline: 15 March 2024) Applications of Remote Sensing and Machine Learning in Water Resources Management (Deadline: 15 March 2024) To access the full list of Special Issues, please click here
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Recent Special Issue Reprints Water Resources and Sustainable Development Peiyue Li and Jianhua Wu (Eds.) ISBN 978-3-0365-9974-8 (Hbk) ; ISBN 978-3-0365-9973-1 (PDF) DOI: 10.3390/books978-3-0365-9973-1 About an Important Phenomenon—Water Hammer Kamil Urbanowicz and Helena M. Ramos (Eds.) ISBN 978-3-0365-9827-7 (Hbk) ; ISBN 978-3-0365-9828-4 (PDF) DOI: 10.3390/books978-3-0365-9828-4 Urban Water-Related Problems Akira Kawamura and Kei Nakagawa (Eds.) ISBN 978-3-0365-9242-8 (Hbk) ; ISBN 978-3-0365-9243-5 (PDF) DOI: 10.3390/books978-3-0365-9243-5 Fluvial Hydraulics in the Presence of Vegetation in Channels Jueyi Sui and Hossein Afzalimehr (Eds.) ISBN 978-3-0365-8745-5 (Hbk) ; ISBN 978-3-0365-8744-8 (PDF) DOI: 10.3390/books978-3-0365-8744-8 China Water Forum 2022 Qiting Zuo, Fuqiang Wang, Jiaqi Zhai, Xiuyu Zhang, Dunxian She, Lei Zou, Rong Gan and Zengliang Luo (Eds.) ISBN 978-3-0365-8639-7 (Hbk) ; ISBN 978-3-0365-8638-0 (PDF) DOI: 10.3390/books978-3-0365-8638-0 To access the full list of books, please click here "One of the VPs screwed up so now we need everyone in the college to take a new online training module." - @ass_deans

Posted on Saturday, 10 February 2024 at 08:15 PM in Climate Change, Climate & Meteorology, Energy & Water, Events, Extremes: Droughts, Floods, etc., Groundwater and Hydrogeology, Policy, Planning, Governance, IWRM & Management, WaSH, Water Quality, Health & Ecosystems, Wastewater, Stormwater & Infrastructure, Water Quantity & Availability, World Water | Permalink | Comments (0)

Friday, 09 February 2024

CRS InFocus Report: 'Global Health Security - Background and Issues for Congress'

Tiaji Salaam-Blyther wrote this CRS Report (9 February 2024):'Global Health Security - Background and Issues for Congress'.

Download CRS_InFocus_Rpt_Global_Health_Security_Background_Issues_Congress_9Feb2024_IF12590

Background
Congressional interest in the capacity of health systems, especially in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC), to detect, control, and respond to infectious disease threats is growing. Programs to build such capacity are integral to U.S. “global health security” (GHS) policy. Key areas of focus of such programs include strengthening national laboratory and surveillance systems and improving risk communication. GHS appropriations have been growing, particularly since the emergence of COVID-19 in early 2020. Related issues for Congress include deliberation of funding levels for GHS programs, oversight of reorganization within the Department of State (DOS) to establish the new Bureau for Global Health Security and Diplomacy (GHSD), and consideration of how the reorganization might affect the administration of global HIV/AIDS programs.

GHS Appropriations
Appropriations for GHS efforts administered by the U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID)—the primary funder of U.S. bilateral GHS programs—more than quadrupled between FY2021 and FY2023 (Table 1). Since FY2022, the Biden Administration has also requested multilateral GHS funding in the DOS budget. These amounts are in addition to funds provided for COVID-19 control through emergency appropriations.

GHS Mandatory Funding Request
The increased frequency and severity of infectious disease outbreaks has intensified debates about the effectiveness of appropriating funds annually for GHS. In March 2022, the Biden Administration released its FY2023 State, Foreign Operations (SFOPS) Congressional Budget Justification (CBJ), which included a $6.5 billion request for mandatory multiyear funding authority for GHS programs (global health funding is typically discretionary). The funds were requested in addition to the discretionary appropriations detailed in Table 1, and included

$4.5 billion “in seed funding” from DOS for the World Bank Pandemic Fund;
$1.0 billion, including $250.0 million for DOS and $750.0 million for USAID bilateral GHS programs;
$500.0 million to USAID for a contribution to the Coalition for Epidemic Preparedness Innovations (CEPI) to support vaccine research, development, and delivery, and to develop and deploy innovative tools to build resilience for future pandemics; and
$500.0 million to replenish the Emergency Reserve Fund, which USAID uses to respond rapidly to infectious disease outbreaks.

Congress did not enact the mandatory spending proposal, but it authorized $5.0 billion for GHS activities for the same five-year period through the Global Health Security and International Pandemic Prevention, Preparedness and Response Act of 2022 (“Global Health Security Act,” Title LV of P.L. 117-263, FY2023 National Defense Authorization Act), discussed below.

Global Health Security Act

Congress enacted the Global Health Security Act in December 2022. Among other things, the act addressed many of the items in the Biden Administration’s multiyear budget request for GHS and included provisions to enable congressional oversight of authorized activities, such as the following:

Support for World Bank Pandemic Fund. Authorized U.S. contributions to (up to 33% of contributions from all sources) and participation in a Financial Intermediary Fund for Pandemic Prevention, Preparedness, and Response (later referred to as the Pandemic Fund) at the World Bank.

Coordination of bilateral GHS activities. Required the President to identify the relevant departments and agencies leading U.S. responses to global infectious disease outbreaks, and to notify the appropriate congressional committees of the aforementioned roles and responsibilities no later than 120 days after enactment of the act, and regularly thereafter.

Allocate USAID staff for GHS activities. Authorized USAID to cover the cost of detailing its employees to address global health emergencies and natural or human- induced disasters, and required the USAID Administrator to notify the appropriate congressional committees at least 15 days before making funds available for such purposes.

GHS strategy. Required the President to develop and maintain a strategy for improving GHSD for pandemic prevention, preparedness, and response. The strategy was to be submitted to the appropriate committees within 180 days of enactment, followed by annual progress reports. As of February 8, 2024, the Administration has not published a GHS Strategy, per se, though it released a National Biodefense Strategy and Implementation Plan in October 2022, which outlined goals for building “capacity across at least five technical areas in at least 50 countries.”

U.S. Coordinator for Global Health Security. Instructed the President to designate an appropriate senior official to be the U.S. Coordinator for Global Health Security, who shall be responsible for the coordination of the Global Health Security Agenda Interagency Review Council. (See“GHSD Bureau” section for more information.)

Ambassador-at-Large for Global Health Security and Diplomacy. Established the position of Ambassador-at- Large for GHSD at DOS to ensure oversight, coordination, and management of GHS funds used by DOS; lead, in collaboration with the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) Secretary and USAID Administrator, diplomatic GHS activities; and promote investments for building GHS worldwide. (See “GHSD Bureau” section for more information.)

Coordinating global health and GHS. Directed the USAID Administrator to collaborate and coordinate with the Global Malaria Coordinator, Global AIDS Coordinator, the Ambassador-at-Large for GHSD, and the HHS Secretary, where possible, on U.S. global health programs.

GHSD Bureau

On December 13, 2022, DOS submitted a congressional notification (CN) to Congress describing its intent to create a new GHSD Bureau whose mission is to lead U.S. diplomatic engagement and improve the efficiency of U.S. GHS programs; leverage and help coordinate bilateral foreign aid; promote international coordination for improving GHS and convene global stakeholders to establish norms and policies to mitigate global health threats; and elevate and integrate GHS as a U.S. national security and foreign policy priority.

In August 2023, Secretary of State Antony Blinken announced the launch of GHSD, which houses several operating units across DOS, including the Office of International Health and Biodefense, the Office of Global Health Diplomacy, and the Office of the Global AIDS Coordinator (OGAC), along with the functions of the Coordinator for Global COVID-19 Response and Health Security. In September 2023, President Biden formally nominated the current U.S. Global AIDS Coordinator, Ambassador Dr. John Nkengasong, to serve as Ambassador-at-Large and Senior Bureau Official for Global Health Security and Diplomacy. The Biden Administration intends for the Ambassador to concurrently lead GHSD and OGAC. The Senate is considering the nomination.

The DOS FY2024 CBJ included the first budgetary request for the administration of GHSD ($10.3 million). According to the CBJ, the funds are to be used to pay the salaries of 35 staff through the Diplomatic Programs account. An additional 102 positions are to be funded through OGAC.

Issues for Congress

Funding. Congress has increased GHS appropriations while also raising questions about the capacity of programs to expand. The House Appropriations Committee noted in H.Rept. 118-146, “a substantial amount of unobligated balances despite critical needs.” Questions from some Members about the pace of GHS spending through bilateral programs reflect long-standing debates about the appropriate balance of funding for bilateral and multilateral programs. The bulk of the Administration’s FY2023 multiyear request and FY2024 GHS request was for the multilateral Pandemic Fund, not bilateral programs.

Oversight. The Senate Appropriations Committee has questioned how bilateral GHS funds are being used, calling for greater oversight of the funds. In S.Rept. 118-71, for example, the committee instructed the USAID Administrator to report to the Appropriations Committees on how it intended to use GHS funds per country and project within 90 days of enactment and every 90 days until such funds are expended. Other oversight interests might include the status of a GHSD strategy, as required by the Global Health Security Act, and clarification with regard to which agency is to receive funds authorized by the Global Health Security Act and for which activities.

Reorganization. Congress may also consider whether, and to what extent, it seeks to oversee ongoing reorganization at DOS for the establishment of the GHSD Bureau. According to the FY2024 CBJ, roughly 74% of GHSD positions are to be held by OGAC staff. In 2022, the Government Accountability Office issued a report describing workload and retention issues at OGAC. Congress may choose to ask the Administration how DOS will effectively administrate additional GHSD duties while simultaneously addressing staffing challenges at OGAC. Congress might also debate whether one person can effectively oversee two major global health programs (President’s Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief [PEPFAR] and GHSD).

Enjoy!

“Health is a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being, and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity.” - WHO

Posted on Friday, 09 February 2024 at 01:43 PM in People, Readings, Journals, Videos, Films & Visuals, WaSH, Water Quality, Health & Ecosystems, World Water | Permalink | Comments (0)

Thursday, 08 February 2024

CRS InFocus Report: The Palestinians - Overview, Aid, and U.S. Policy Issues

Jim Zanotti has prepared this CRS InFocus report (Updated: 24 January 2024): 'The Palestinians - Overview, Aid, and U.S. Policy Issues'.

Download The_Palestinians_Overview_Aid_US_Policy_Issues_24Jan2024_IF10644

The Palestinians are an Arab people whose origins are in present-day Israel, the West Bank, and the Gaza Strip. The October 7, 2023, attacks on Israel—led by the Iran-backed Sunni Islamist group Hamas (a U.S.-designated foreign terrorist organization)—and subsequent conflict in Gaza have raised new challenges for U.S. policy in the region. Palestinian issues that had arguably faded as a priority since the 2010s for the United States and many Arab states have returned to the forefront. Post-conflict governance in Gaza is one crucial question, along with potentially interrelated developments regarding political outcomes in the West Bank, the status of Jerusalem, risks of a broader regional war with Iran and its allies, and Israel’s efforts to improve its security and relations with Arab states.

Successive U.S. Presidents and Congresses have helped shape Palestinian issues, including through humanitarian, economic, and non-lethal security assistance for Palestinians. Since the mid-1990s, U.S. officials have sought to actively facilitate a negotiated Israeli-Palestinian peace. Most U.S. Administrations since the early 2000s have voiced support for an eventual independent Palestinian state in the West Bank and Gaza, with a capital in East Jerusalem (and President Trump’s 2020 plan arguably allowed for a variation on the idea).

The ongoing conflict has resulted in more than 1,200 Israeli and 25,000 Palestinian casualties, with some 130 hostages reportedly held (as of late January 2024) by Hamas or other militants in Gaza. As Israel seeks to recover hostages and eliminate Hamas’s military and governing capabilities, life has been upended for Gaza’s citizens—with around 75% displaced, and most facing threats from the fighting, overcrowding in southern Gaza, and acute shortages of food, water, and medical care. While U.S. officials have supported Israel’s operations against Hamas, they have urged Israel to minimize threats to civilians and increase humanitarian access.

Beyond the immediate crisis, questions surround when and how the conflict might end or abate and who will control security and governance. U.S. officials support the idea of a revamped Palestinian Authority (PA)—which currently exercises limited self-rule in the West Bank—returning to power in Gaza, despite public opposition from Israeli officials and PA insistence that any return be linked with progress toward a two-state solution. Hamas forcibly seized Gaza from the PA in 2007.

Overview: Population, Politics, and Economy
About 3.2 million Palestinians live in the West Bank, plus an estimated 2.1 million in Gaza. Around 98% are Sunni Muslim, with a small Christian minority. Another estimated 1.9 million Palestinians live in Israel as citizens. Of the Palestinians living in the Middle East, about 5.9 million are registered refugees (in the West Bank, Gaza, Jordan, Lebanon, and Syria) whose claims to land in present-day Israel constitute a major issue of Israeli-Palestinian dispute.

The U.N. Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East (UNRWA)—funded mostly by voluntary contributions from the United States and other countries— is mandated by the U.N. General Assembly to provide protection and essential services to these registered Palestinian refugees, including health care, education, and housing assistance.

Palestinian domestic politics are dominated by two factions. Fatah, a secular Arab nationalist faction, is the driving force within the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO), which represents Palestinians internationally. Hamas has not accepted PLO recognition of Israel and constitutes the main opposition to Fatah. The United States and other Western countries have generally sought to bolster the Fatah-led PA vis-à-vis Hamas and support PA-Israel cooperation. The economy in the West Bank faces challenges related to unrest and violence, as well as considerable Israeli movement, access, and land use restrictions.

PLO/PA Leadership and Succession
Since the Hamas victory in 2006 PA legislative elections, the PA has ruled by presidential decree, and has drawn some international criticism for alleged violations of the rule of law and civil liberties. Given the West Bank-Gaza split in 2007, it is unclear if elections will take place again. Amid Israel-Hamas conflict, PA President Mahmoud Abbas has not endorsed Hamas, but has refrained from publicly condemning it. Polls show a spike in West Bank Palestinian support for Hamas that may stem from Hamas’s military actions, prisoner releases it has secured, and civilian suffering in Gaza.

Abbas’s age (b. 1935) has contributed to speculation about leadership succession in the PLO and PA. Top advisers Hussein al Sheikh (on political affairs) and Majid Faraj (on security) have major profiles internationally, but limited domestic popular support. Marwan Barghouti attracts significant popular support; he has been imprisoned by Israel since 2002. Muhammad Dahlan, who was expelled from Fatah in 2011, was a former PA security chief in Gaza and enjoys support from some Arab states.

Hamas and Gaza
Hamas has controlled Gaza through its security forces and obtained resources from smuggling, informal “taxes,” and reported external assistance from Iran and private entities operating from some other regional countries. Yahya Sinwar has been Hamas’s leader for Gaza since 2017, and was a driving force behind the October 2023 attacks in Israel. Hamas also maintains a presence in the West Bank. Qatar-based Ismail Haniyeh is the leader of the political bureau that conducts Hamas’s worldwide dealings.

Before the ongoing conflict, Hamas engaged in major escalations with Israel in 2008-2009, 2012, 2014, and 2021. Hamas also constructed a vast network of tunnels—some under civilian areas—that apparently pose major challenges to dislodging it. In the previous conflicts and the present one, Hamas and other Gaza-based militants launched rockets indiscriminately toward Israel, and Israeli military strikes largely decimated Gaza’s infrastructure. Before October 2023, with key actors unsure of how to allow assistance for Gazans without bolstering Hamas’s capabilities, Israel permitted Qatar to provide certain types of funding to Gaza. Some observers have asserted that Israeli officials accepted the status quo with Hamas ruling Gaza, partly to avoid Israeli-Palestinian peace negotiations.

U.S. Policy Issues and Aid
Biden Administration officials publicly support a pathway toward a two-state solution, and oppose unilateral Israeli or Palestinian actions that incite violence or could obstruct peace efforts—including Israeli settlement building and Palestinian initiatives in international fora. Regarding U.S. bilateral aid (see Figure 1), via the Taylor Force Act (Div. S, Title X of P.L. 115-141) Congress has prohibited most Economic Support Fund (ESF) aid directly benefitting the PA unless the PLO/PA were to curtail domestically popular payments that arguably incentivize acts of terror.

In response to the October 2023 outbreak of conflict, President Biden requested over $9 billion in supplemental global humanitarian funding, which could be partly allocated for civilian needs in Gaza and the West Bank. Some in Congress support more humanitarian assistance for Palestinians; some others call for a halt to or conditions on such aid, citing risks of its possible diversion to Hamas.

The U.S. proposal to have a revamped PA extend its rule into Gaza faces various challenges, including

Hamas’s deep roots and long-standing presence in Gaza.
Israeli officials’ potential entrenchment of forces in

Gaza and skepticism regarding a future Palestinian state.
PA reluctance to accept leadership change and reform, and broad Arab insistence on prioritizing international
efforts toward a two-state solution.

Israeli actions since October 2023 that have arguably threatened West Bank stability—including via Israeli settler violence against Palestinians and a reduction in PA revenues. The Administration has imposed visa bans on some extremist Israeli settlers, and has called on Israel to stop withholding taxes it collects for the PA.

Enjoy

"Every great dream begins with a dreamer. Always remember, you have within you the strength, the patience, and the passion to reach for the stars to change the world." - Harriet Tubman

Posted on Thursday, 08 February 2024 at 10:38 AM in Conflict, Cooperation, Vulnerability & Security, CRS, FMSO & GAO Reports, Current Affairs, Ethics, Gender,Water Rights, Culture & Religion, Events, Land, Food & Water , Policy, Planning, Governance, IWRM & Management, WaSH, Water Quality, Health & Ecosystems, Water Quantity & Availability, World Water | Permalink | Comments (0)

Wednesday, 07 February 2024

From Water-MDPI: Most Viewed Articles (November 2023–January 2024); Call for Papers

Water, Agriculture and Aquaculture Aquaponics: A Sustainable Path to Food Sovereignty and Enhanced Water Use Efficiency Lubna A. Ibrahim et al.		Water, Agriculture and Aquaculture Aquaculture Development in Nigeria: The Second Biggest Aquaculture Producer in Africa Johnny Ogunji et al.
Water and Climate Change Performance of LSTM over SWAT in Rainfall-Runoff Modeling in a Small, Forested Watershed: A Case Study of Cork Brook, RI Shiva Gopal Shrestha et al.		Hydrology Combining Hydrological Modeling and Regional Climate Projections to Assess the Climate Change Impact on the Water Resources of Dam Reservoirs Matteo Savino et al.
Water Quality and Contamination Systematic Review of Contaminants of Emerging Concern (CECs): Distribution, Risks, and Implications for Water Quality and Health Weiying Feng et al.		Hydrogeology Water Quality Evaluation of Groundwater and Dam Reservoir Water: Application of the Water Quality Index to Study Sites in Greece Kyriaki Kalaitzidou et al.
Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Navigating Produced Water Sustainability in the Oil and Gas Sector: A Critical Review of Reuse Challenges, Treatment Technologies, and Prospects Ahead Fatick Nath et al.		Wastewater Treatment and Reuse The Identification of Selective Pathogenic Microbial Community Biofilms in Different Distribution Pipeline Materials and Their Disinfection Kinetics Sanam Bhatti et al.
Water Resources Management, Policy and Governance Assessment and Mapping of Riverine Flood Susceptibility (RFS) in India through Coupled Multicriteria Decision Making Models and Geospatial Techniques Ravi Kumar et al.		Hydrogeology Optimization of Dam Operation and Interaction with Groundwater: An Overview Focusing on Greece Diamantis Karakatsanis et al.

Call for Papers

Hydrological Modelling and Extreme Event Analysis under Climate Change

edited by Pavel Groisman

submission deadline 20 May 2024

'Don't tell me what you value. Show me your budget and I'll
tell you what you value.' - President Joe Biden, quoted in @TheWeek

Stable Isotopes as Groundwater Discharge Tracers: Recent Developments

edited by Jorge Jódar Bermúdez and Albert Soler

submission deadline 20 June 2024

Posted on Wednesday, 07 February 2024 at 09:36 AM in Climate Change, Climate & Meteorology, Events, Extremes: Droughts, Floods, etc., Groundwater and Hydrogeology, Land, Food & Water , Readings, Journals, Videos, Films & Visuals, Water Quantity & Availability, World Water | Permalink | Comments (0)

Tuesday, 06 February 2024

Josh's Water Jobs and More! 6 February 2024 278+ Jobs

From Josh:

This is a tad late and apologies for not being able to get to the update of the water youth networks, but my day was not my own. For certain by next week.

1) Josh's Jobs