WaterWired

My Ten Cents: Remembering Groundwater Giant John D. Bredehoeft

I heard some sad news a few days ago. Legendary hydrogeologist John D. Bredehoeft died on New Year's Day 2023. He was 89. He was a remarkable scientist, one who wanted to figure things out. Here is the citation written by Lenny Konikow, one of his mentees at the USGS, at John's reception of the Robert E. Horton award from AGU in 1997. The Groundwater Project wrote this tribute, that includes a recent picture and a brief list of publications.

I cannot top the accolades composed in his honor. In fact, I did not know John personally very well. Not so for his publications and interests - 'eclectic' is a word I would use to describe them. I also knew him from his close connection with my first employer, Burke Maxey, the renowned hydrogeologist at the Desert Research Institute in Reno, NV. John's PhD thesis at the University of Illinois dealt with the Humboldt River basin in Nevada. 

My first meeting with John occurred in September 1974 at the GSA Penrose Conference in Aspen, CO. The theme of the conference was 'Mass and Energy Transport in Porous and Fractured Media' (John was one of the organizers) and it attracted big names - among them Shlomo Neuman, Paul Witherspoon, George Pinder (his PhD student). A certain number of grad students were invited and I was one of them. Talks were informal; my compartment model of the Edwards Aquifer was one of them. My University of Arizona PhD advisor, Dr. Gene Simpson, also attended.  

Did John and I have a deep discussion on fluid flow through cavernous limestones? Well, not quite. After a few 'hellos' in the hall, we would end up at the same dinner table. There, John started talking about downhill skiing. I knew nothing about the topic. John kept talking about all the 'black diamond' runs at the Colorado resorts, I was smart enough to realize that those were the tough, expert-only trails. So I thought  I would show my chops. I recalled my conversations with the golfers I had caddied for in the NH summers. The avid skiers among them had tackled the dangerous Tuckerman Ravine, a glacial cirque on the south side of Mt. Washington, the highest mountain in the Northeast. I dropped that into the conversation, stating that 'nothing in Colorado could touch that. Well, John shot me a look and the table went silent. He then proceeded to put me in my place vis-a-vis
Colorado ski runs.

But he did say my compartment model was 'interesting'.

That was my introduction to John.

Next stop: the early 1980s at DRI in Reno. I stumbled upon this publication:

This publication floored me. I had read Theis's 1940 paper and Richmond Brown's 1963 report. But this one had a real impact me. It made so much sense to me but I did not encounter many hydrogeologists or water managers who seemed to be aware of the implications. So I took it upon myself to photocopy about 10 copies and ship them to the Nevada State Engineer with a note describing its significance and closed it with: 'Make sure all your groundwater hydrologists read and understand this paper.' It was the 'and understand' that raised the hackles in Carson City. Suffice it to say that the DRI President read me the riot act but when I explained the paper, he understood. 'Next time, leave out those two offensive words.' I like to think that John would have been happy and would have said. 'You mean they hadn't read those publications? WTH?

   Fast forward to the end of the century. John was working in private industry. I had been an officer in the Scientists and Engineers Division (S&E) of the National Ground Water Association (NGWA). Although the S&E were the most populous division the Contractors (well drillers and pump installers) ran the show. John got on the S&E Board and we welcomed him. The NGWA was agonizing over the fact that pumping wells could deplete streamflow and was looking for a reason to downplay that. John offered to write a letter to come from our S&E BoD. We thought that was great because we knew how thorough he would be. Well, after a few weeks we got John's 18-page single-spaced letter (with references) detailing the hazards of excessive pumping. He was not saying it should be banned but that it would have an effect. The letter worked and all was well with the NGWA leadership.

I might add that when John me met at the NGWA meeting he noted that I looked somewhat familiar. Where had we met? In Colorado, many years ago. He looked puzzled. Then he smiled and inquired 'When was the last time you skied Tuckerman Ravine?'. 'Quite a while ago,' I replied. 'You up for it?' was his rejoinder. We both smiled. 1974 seemed an eternity ago,  

As I close this I am thinking of the seminal Rangely EQ experiments, contaminant transport modeling, deep fluid flow, California SGMA, GW budget myths, and so much more.   

Yes, I hardly knew him, but boy, do I miss him!        .      

"These concepts must be kept in mind to manage groundwater resources adequately. Unfortunately, many of our legal institutions do not adequately account for them." -- J. D. Bredehoeft et al., 1982, p 57

Water-MDPI, Volume 15, Issue 2 (January-2 2023) - 162 Articles

It's Water-MDPI, Volume 15, Issue 2 (January-2 2023) - 162 Articles

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Cover Story

Article: Identifying Alpine Lakes in the Eastern Himalayas Using Deep Learning

Jinhao Xu, Min Feng, Yijie Sui, Dezhao Yan, Kuo Zhang and Kaidan Shi

Water 2023, 15(2), 229; DOI: 10.3390/w15020229

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Recent Special Issue Reprints Industrial and Municipal Wastewater Treatment with a Focus on Water-Reuse Martin Wagner and Sonja Bauer (Eds.) ISBN 978-3-0365-6256-8 (Hbk) ; ISBN 978-3-0365-6255-1 (PDF) DOI: 10.3390/books978-3-0365-6255-1 Soil Hydrological Processes in Desert Regions Ying Zhao, Jianguo Zhang, Jianhua Si, Jie Xue and Zhongju Meng (Eds.) ISBN 978-3-0365-6312-1 (Hbk) ; ISBN 978-3-0365-6311-4 (PDF) DOI: 10.3390/books978-3-0365-6311-4 Assessing Water Quality by Statistical Methods Alina Barbulescu (Ed.) ISBN 978-3-0365-6359-6 (Hbk) ; ISBN 978-3-0365-6358-9 (PDF) DOI: 10.3390/books978-3-0365-6358-9 Study of the Soil Water Movement in Irrigated Agriculture George Kargas, Petros Kerkides and Paraskevi Londra (Eds.) ISBN 978-3-0365-6196-7 (Hbk) ; ISBN 978-3-0365-6195-0 (PDF) DOI: 10.3390/books978-3-0365-6195-0 Research on Hydraulics and River Dynamics Vlassios Hrissanthou (Ed.) ISBN 978-3-0365-5597-3 (Hbk) ; ISBN 978-3-0365-5598-0 (PDF) DOI: 10.3390/books978-3-0365-5598-0 To access the full list of books, please click here

 

"The true soldier fights not because he hates what is in front of him but because he loves what is behind him." - G.K. Chesterton in @AtlanticCouncil via @TheWeek

CRS Report: 'Earthquakes Induced by Underground Fluid Injection and the Federal Role in Mitigation'

Linda R. Rowan Angela C. Jones have assembled this important CRS report (13 January 2023): 'Earthquakes Induced by Underground Fluid Injection and the Federal Role in Mitigation'.

Download CRS_Report_EQ_Induced_UG_Fluid_Injection_Fed_Mitigation_13Jan2023

I will post just the Summary and the PDF of the report and some important graphics (click on them to enlarge them).

In the mid-1970s I recall listening to John D. Bredehoeft of the U.S. Geological Survey discuss the  locking/unlocking faults by alternating the injection and withdrawal of fluids along a fault in Rangely, CO. This could ultimately lead to a grand experiment of 'gently' relieving strain along the San Andreas Fault to produce 'small' quakes not large ones. Never got much beyond Rangely. To much $$$ and too much risk.

Summary
Human activities, including underground fluid injection activities, may cause earthquakes (known as induced earthquakes). Underground fluid injection activities, such as hydraulic fracturing for oil and gas production, enhanced oil and gas recovery wells, and wastewater disposal wells, have increased in the central and eastern United States since about 2008, in part due to advancements in horizontal drilling. The number of earthquakes of magnitude 3.0 or greater in the same region increased from 2009 to 2015, and these earthquakes are correlated in space and time with injection activities. For example, over 1,000 earthquakes of magnitude 3.0 or greater occurred in the central and eastern United States in 2015 (more than the annual historic rate of magnitude 3.0 or greater earthquakes of less than 25). Disposal wells induced the largest earthquake recorded in Oklahoma, a magnitude 5.8, in 2016, causing property damage and lawsuits.

The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), state agencies, and universities have increased seismic monitoring and research near underground fluid injection activities since 2008 to understand what causes induced earthquakes and to mitigate the risks of these activities. In general, one or more fluid injections may change the geologic conditions of a fault, causing the fault to slip in an induced earthquake. Current research topics include identifying unstable faults and understanding how injection operations may cause a fault to slip. The USGS released one-year seismic hazard forecasts for the central and eastern United States for 2016, 2017, and 2018, which included naturally occurring and induced earthquakes.

Under the Safe Drinking Water Act (SDWA), the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) regulates the underground injection of fluids to protect underground drinking water sources. EPA has issued Underground Injection Control (UIC) regulations for six classes of injection wells. Class II wells, primarily wastewater disposal wells, have caused most of the induced earthquakes in the central and eastern United States. SDWA authorizes states that meet program requirements to administer the federal UIC programs in lieu of EPA, and most oil and gas producing states administer a UIC program for their state. Although SDWA does not address seismicity, EPA rules for certain well classes require evaluation of seismic risk. Such requirements do not apply to Class II wells; however, EPA developed a framework for evaluating seismic risk when reviewing Class II well permit applications in states where EPA administers the UIC program.

Although a small fraction of underground fluid injection wells, primarily disposal wells, in the central and eastern United States may induce earthquakes, potential seismic risk persists. Federal agencies, state agencies, and other stakeholders continue to study, monitor, regulate, and mitigate this risk. Mitigation may include stopping, pausing, or changing underground fluid injection operations. The study of induced seismicity caused by these fluid injection activities may inform USGS and Department of Energy (DOE) efforts to develop an understanding of how other underground fluid injection activities may induce earthquakes, such as enhanced geothermal energy and geologic carbon sequestration systems.

Congress may consider the adequacy of federally funded research on induced seismicity. Congress also may consider amending the statutory authorities of the UIC program to require consideration of induced seismicity. In addition, Congress may consider whether the federal government should have a role in regulating underground fluid injection activities for induced seismicity and whether current EPA or DOE requirements, reports, or guidance regarding induced seismicity from underground fluid injection activities are sufficient. Some in Congress have expressed interest in changing regulations for hydraulic fracturing for oil and gas production wells through measures introduced in the 117th Congress. Although these measures did not mention induced seismicity, any changes to the regulation of one underground fluid injection activity may affect the regulatory structure for other types of wells and how federal agencies and state agencies deal with the risks of induced seismicity.

Enjoy!

"Of course, we listen to faculty. We listen to all faculty who have grant money. Think of it as weighted voting.If you aren’t bringing returned indirect to the college,your weight is 0. Which is almost everyone in the humanities, right? We always listen to the engineers!"- @ass_deans

Terrorism and Groundwater Redux

I am going back 16 years for this post. It might be a little dated but I don't think so. It's the second post I did - on 9 January 2007 titled 'Terrorism and Ground Water'. That's right - I used groundwater as two words. That would last until 2009.

I might as well jump in feet first with this topic, which sounds like the basis for a season of Kiefer Sutherland's 24. But I'm deadly serious.

Most of the concern for water terrorism has rightly emphasized the protection of water intakes and other entry points into water distribution systems and the development of emergency supplies and response procedures.  The contamination of reservoirs is generally considered difficult because of the large volumes of water involved and the resulting significant dilution.

But what about the intentional introduction of a chemical, biological, or radiological (CBR) agent into an aquifer, so as to cause a large number of deaths?  At first, this appears so ridiculous as to promote immediate dismissal of the concept.  If the contamination of a reservoir or storage tank with a lethal dose of a CBR agent is difficult to accomplish, then what about aquifers, whose water volumes are often measured in cubic kilometers?  But it may be possible that a biotoxin might prove more appropriate to contaminate an aquifer than a chemical or radiological agent.

Here are some of the questions that I think are important:

• Which aquifer types would a terrorist seek to contaminate?
• Which aquifers in the USA (and the world) have recharge areas that are well-known and accessible?
• Which aquifers have short travel times from recharge areas to supply wells?
• Which aquifers provide little opportunity for a toxin to disperse, sorb, react, or degrade? 
• Which aquifers have relatively low storage volumes between recharge areas and supply wells?
• Which (bio)toxins might be suitable for terrorist acts directed at aquifers?

In terms of vulnerability, certain types of aquifers come to mind - karst, fractured rock, and volcanic rock aquifers.

I have attached a pdf of a brief article I wrote a few years ago that was published in Ground Water News and Views, a newsletter of the National Ground Water Association. At the time some criticized me for broaching this topic, lest I give some people ideas. If that's the case, we should probably not discuss anything unpleasant, since there may be some "copycats" out there. I like to think that if more people had thought about commercial airliners being used as weapons of mass destruction we might have avoided 9/11.

I am also attaching a recent excellent article by Peter Gleick on "Water and Terrorism".

Download weaponization_and_ground_water4282005.pdf

Download GleickWaterTerrorism06.pdf

I do recall a field trip to the Edwards Aquifer in the San Antonio. area. I imagined some toxin traveling quickly from a vertical shaft in the limestone to a production well. The shaft was guarded by a flimsy chain-link fence.  

The newsletter piece produced a call from someone at DHS. No threats, he just wanted to learn more,

Enjoy!

"The only thing necessary for the triumph of evil is for good men to do nothing." - attributed to Edmund Burke

Water-MDPI, Volume 15, Issue 1 (January-1 2023) - 213 Articles

It's Water-MDPI, Volume 15, Issue 1 (January-1 2023) - 213 Articles

Cover Story

Commentary: Assessing and Mitigating Ice-Jam Flood Hazards and Risks: A European Perspective

Karl-Erich Lindenschmidt, Knut Alfredsen, Dirk Carstensen, Adam Choryński, David Gustafsson, Michał Halicki, Bernd Hentschel, Niina Karjalainen, Michael Kögel, Tomasz Kolerski, Marika Kornaś-Dynia, Michał Kubicki, Zbigniew W. Kundzewicz, Cornelia Lauschke, Albert Malinger, Włodzimierz Marszelewski, Fabian Möldner, Barbro Näslund-Landenmark, Tomasz Niedzielski, Antti Parjanne, Bogusław Pawłowski, Iwona Pińskwar, Joanna Remisz, Maik Renner, Michael Roers, Maksymilian Rybacki, Ewelina Szałkiewicz, Michał Szydłowski, Grzegorz Walusiak, Matylda Witek, Mateusz Zagata and Maciej Zdralewicz

Water 2023, 15(1), 76; DOI: 10.3390/w15010076

 

Featured Papers Review: Wastewater Management: From Ancient Greece to Modern Times and Future Andreas N. Angelakis, Andrea G. Capodaglio and Emmanuel G. Dialynas Water 2023, 15(1), 43; DOI: 10.3390/w15010043 Review: A Review of the Hydraulic Performance of Permeable Reactive Barriers Based on Granular Zero Valent Iron Stefania Bilardi, Paolo Salvatore Calabrò and Nicola Moraci Water 2023, 15(1), 200; DOI: 10.3390/w15010200 Review: Real-Time Urban Flood Forecasting Systems for Southeast Asia—A Review of Present Modelling and Its Future Prospects Detchphol Chitwatkulsiri and Hitoshi Miyamoto Water 2023, 15(1), 178; DOI: 10.3390/w15010178 Review: Ecosystems of Inland Saline Waters in the World of Change Nickolai Shadrin, Elena Anufriieva and Gonzalo Gajardo Water 2023, 15(1), 52; DOI: 10.3390/w15010052 Review: Macroplastics in Lakes: An Underrepresented Ecological Problem? Alessandra Cera, Luca Gallitelli and Massimiliano Scalici Water 2023, 15(1), 60; DOI: 10.3390/w15010060 Article: Research on Surface Water Quality Assessment and Its Driving Factors: A Case Study in Taizhou City, China Sihe Deng, Cheng Li, Xiaosan Jiang, Tingting Zhao and Hui Huang Water 2023, 15(1), 26; DOI: 10.3390/w15010026 Article: Modelling Runoff from Permeable Pavements: A Link to the Curve Number Method Eneko Madrazo-Uribeetxebarria, Maddi Garmendia Antín, Jabier Almandoz Berrondo and Ignacio Andrés-Doménech Water 2023, 15(1), 160; DOI: 10.3390/w15010160 Article: A Framework for Recovering Waste Heat Energy from Food Processing Effluent Yang Luo, Sandeep Jagtap, Hana Trollman and Guillermo Garcia-Garcia Water 2023, 15(1), 12; DOI: 10.3390/w15010012 Article: Spatial and Temporal Pattern of Rainstorms Based on Manifold Learning Algorithm Yuanyuan Liu, Yesen Liu, Hancheng Ren, Longgang Du, Shu Liu, Li Zhang, Caiyuan Wang and Qiang Gao Water 2023, 15(1), 37; DOI: 10.3390/w15010037 Article: Multivariate Time Series Clustering of Groundwater Quality Data to Develop Data-Driven Monitoring Strategies in a Historically Contaminated Urban Area Chiara Zanotti, Marco Rotiroti, Agnese Redaelli, Mariachiara Caschetto, Letizia Fumagalli, Camilla Stano, Davide Sartirana and Tullia Bonomi Water 2023, 15(1), 148; DOI: 10.3390/w15010148 Article: A New Digital Twin for Climate Change Adaptation, Water Management, and Disaster Risk Reduction (HIP Digital Twin) Hans Jørgen Henriksen, Raphael Schneider, Julian Koch, Maria Ondracek, Lars Troldborg, Ida K. Seidenfaden, Søren Julsgaard Kragh, Eva Bøgh and Simon Stisen Water 2023, 15(1), 25; DOI: 10.3390/w15010025 Article: A Preliminary Approximation to Microbiological Beach Sand Quality along the Coast of the Department of Atlántico (Caribbean Sea of Colombia): Influence of the Magdalena River Hernando José Bolívar-Anillo, Zamira E. Soto-Varela, Hernando Sánchez Moreno, Diego Andrés Villate Daza, David Rosado-Porto, Shersy Vega Benites, Camila Pichón González and Giorgio Anfuso Water 2023, 15(1), 48; DOI: 10.3390/w15010048 Article: The Occurrence of Catastrophic Multiple-Fatality Flash Floods in the Eastern Mediterranean Region Michalis Diakakis, Katerina Papagiannaki and Meletis Fouskaris Water 2023, 15(1), 119; DOI: 10.3390/w15010119 Article: Topographic Effects on Stratiform Precipitation Observed by Vertically Pointing Micro Rain Radars at Ridge and Valley Sites in the Liupan Mountains Area, Northwest China Ning Cao, Zhanyu Yao, Zhiliang Shu, Zhuolin Chang, Jianhua Mu, Haoran Zhu and Tong Lin Water 2023, 15(1), 134; DOI: 10.3390/w15010134 Article: Health Risks in a Brazilian Cerrado Population Due to Pathogens Transmitted through Water and Land Use Conditions Débora Pereira da Silva, Nolan Ribeiro Bezerra, Raviel Eurico Basso, Maria da Natividade Vieira and Paulo Sérgio Scalize Water 2023, 15(1), 158; DOI: 10.3390/w15010158 Article: Evaluation by Means of Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy of the Transport of Phosphate Ions through a Heterogeneous Anion-Exchange Membrane at Different pH and Electrolyte Concentration Eduardo Henrique Rotta, Manuel César Martí-Calatayud, Valentín Pérez-Herranz and Andréa Moura Bernardes Water 2023, 15(1), 9; DOI: 10.3390/w15010009 Article: Evaluation of the Richness, Species Diversity, and Biosafety of Saprotrophic Fungal Communities in Constructed Wetlands and Biological Wastewater Ponds Teresa Korniłłowicz-Kowalska, Justyna Bohacz, Kamila Rybczyńska-Tkaczyk and Krzysztof Jóźwiakowski Water 2023, 15(1), 31; DOI: 10.3390/w15010031 Article: Biopolymer Recovery from Aerobic Granular Sludge and Conventional Flocculent Sludge in Treating Industrial Wastewater: Preliminary Analysis of Different Carbon Routes for Organic Carbon Utilization Francesco Traina, Santo Fabio Corsino, Michele Torregrossa and Gaspare Viviani Water 2023, 15(1), 47; DOI: 10.3390/w15010047 Article: Machine Learning Approach for Rapid Estimation of Five-Day Biochemical Oxygen Demand in Wastewater Panagiotis G. Asteris, Dimitrios E. Alexakis, Markos Z. Tsoukalas, Dimitra E. Gamvroula and Deniz Guney Water 2023, 15(1), 103; DOI: 10.3390/w15010103 Article: Wastewater Management Using Coagulation and Surface Adsorption through Different Polyferrics in the Presence of TiO2-g-PMAA Particles Heba Saed Kariem Alawamleh, Seyedsahand Mousavi, Danial Ashoori, Hayder Mahmood Salman, Sasan Zahmatkesh and Mika Sillanpää Water 2023, 15(1), 145; DOI: 10.3390/w15010145 Article: Impact of Biochar and Graphene as Additives on the Treatment Performances of a Green Wall Fed with Greywater Elisa Costamagna, Alice Caruso, Ana Galvão, Anacleto Rizzo, Fabio Masi, Silvia Fiore and Fulvio Boano Water 2023, 15(1), 195; DOI: 10.3390/w15010195 Article: Heavy Metal in River Sediments of Huanghua City in Water Diversion Area from Yellow River, China: Contamination, Ecological Risks, and Sources Huaibin Wei, Yao Wang, Jing Liu and Ran Zeng Water 2023, 15(1), 58; DOI: 10.3390/w15010058 Article: Intermittent Rivers as a Challenge for Freshwater Ecosystems Quality Evaluation: A Study Case in the Ribeira de Silveirinhos, Portugal Sara Rodrigues, Bárbara Xavier, Sandra Nogueira and Sara C. Antunes Water 2023, 15(1), 17; DOI: 10.3390/w15010017 Article: Experimental Design and Bioassays as Tools to Investigate the Impact of Anodic Oxidation on Progestins Degradation Juliana Mendonça Silva de Jesus, Allan dos Santos Argolo, Flávio Kiyoshi Tominaga, Maria Elena Taqueda, Daniele Maia Bila, Sueli Ivone Borrely and Antonio Carlos Silva Costa Teixeira Water 2023, 15(1), 61; DOI: 10.3390/w15010061 Article: An Integrated Approach for the Recovery of Sn from Used Water Adsorbents Efthimia Kaprara, Evangelia Daskalopoulou, Konstantinos Simeonidis and Manassis Mitrakas Water 2023, 15(1), 97; DOI: 10.3390/w15010097 Article: Groundwater Vulnerability and Potentially Toxic Elements Associated with the Iron Mining District of Ouixane (Northeast of Morocco) Azzeddine Khafouri, El Hassan Talbi, Abdessalam Abdelouas, Khalid Benjmel, Isabel Margarida Horta Ribeiro Antunes and Mohamed Abioui Water 2023, 15(1), 118; DOI: 10.3390/w15010118 Article: PFAS in the Drinking Water Source: Analysis of the Contamination Levels, Origin and Emission Rates Dauren Mussabek, Anna Söderman, Tomomi Imura, Kenneth M. Persson, Kei Nakagawa, Lutz Ahrens and Ronny Berndtsson Water 2023, 15(1), 137; DOI: 10.3390/w15010137 Article: Intense Vortex Motion in a Two-Phase Bioreactor Bulat R. Sharifullin, Sergey G. Skripkin, Igor V. Naumov, Zhigang Zuo, Bo Li and Vladimir N. Shtern Water 2023, 15(1), 94; DOI: 10.3390/w15010094 Article: Effects of Submerged Vegetation Arrangement Patterns and Density on Flow Structure Mahboubeh Barahimi and Jueyi Sui Water 2023, 15(1), 176; DOI: 10.3390/w15010176 Article: Short-Term Effect of Eucalyptus Leachates on Green Food Webs in Headwaters Lorena González-Paz, Josué Gestido, Cristina Delgado, Nuria Pedrol and Isabel Pardo Water 2023, 15(1), 115; DOI: 10.3390/w15010115 Article: A Methodological Tool to Assess Erosion Susceptibility of High Coastal Sectors: Case Studies from Campania Region (Southern Italy) Maria Francesca Tursi, Giorgio Anfuso, Fabio Matano, Gaia Mattei and Pietro P. C. Aucelli Water 2023, 15(1), 121; DOI: 10.3390/w15010121 Article: The Michoacán Tsunami of 19 September 2022 on the Coast of Mexico: Observations, Spectral Properties and Modelling Oleg Zaytsev, Elizaveta Tsukanova, Alexander B. Rabinovich and Richard E. Thomson Water 2023, 15(1), 164; DOI: 10.3390/w15010164 Article: The Relationship between Suspended Solid Loads and Dissolved Material during Floods of Various Origin in Catchments of Different Use Tadeusz Ciupa and Roman Suligowski Water 2023, 15(1), 90; DOI: 10.3390/w15010090 Article: An Integrated Approach to an Assessment of Bottlenecks for Navigation on Riverine Waterways Marta Schoeneich, Michał Habel, Dawid Szatten, Damian Absalon and Jakub Montewka Water 2023, 15(1), 141; DOI: 10.3390/w15010141 Article: Optimized Planting Density and Nitrogen Rate Increased Grain Yield and Water-Nitrogen Use Efficiency of Two Maize Cultivars under Mulched Drip Fertigation by Improving Population Photosynthesis and Grain-Filling Characteristics Zhenlin Lai, Hongtai Kou, Junliang Fan, Rui Yang, Xinyu Xu, Fucang Zhang and Sien Li Water 2023, 15(1), 163; DOI: 10.3390/w15010163 Article: Flood Simulation and Flood Risk Reduction Strategy in Irrigated Areas Zhenyang Liu, Yujiang Xiong and Junzeng Xu Water 2023, 15(1), 192; DOI: 10.3390/w15010192 Water and One Health Article: Modeling and Dynamic Simulation of the Public’s Intention to Reuse Recycled Water Based on Eye Movement Data Hanliang Fu, Hanyu Zhang, Mengjie Zhang and Caixia Hou Water 2023, 15(1), 114; DOI: 10.3390/w15010114 Water-Energy Nexus Article: Study of the Internal Cyclonic Flow Characteristics of Cyclones with Different Guide Vane Heights Siyuan Tao, Yongye Li, Xiaoteng Song and Jiaxuan Zhang Water 2023, 15(1), 78; DOI: 10.3390/w15010078 Article: Sustainable Heat Transfer Management: Modeling of Entropy Generation Minimization and Nusselt Number Development in Internal Flows with Various Shapes of Cross-Sections Using Water and Al2O3/Water Nanofluid Atef El Jery, P. Satishkumar, Mohammed Abdul Jaleel Maktoof, Marian Suplata, Branislav Dudic and Velibor Spalevic Water 2023, 15(1), 89; DOI: 10.3390/w15010089 Article: Evaluation of the Influence of Catchment Parameters on the Required Size of a Stormwater Infiltration Facility Sabina Kordana-Obuch, Mariusz Starzec and Daniel Słyś Water 2023, 15(1), 191; DOI: 10.3390/w15010191 New Sensors, New Technologies and Machine Learning in Water Sciences Article: Method for Measuring the Surface Velocity Field of a River Using Images Acquired by a Moving Drone Kwonkyu Yu and Junhyeong Lee Water 2023, 15(1), 53; DOI: 10.3390/w15010053 Article: Dam Crack Image Detection Model on Feature Enhancement and Attention Mechanism Guoyan Xu, Xu Han, Yuwei Zhang and Chunyan Wu Water 2023, 15(1), 64; DOI: 10.3390/w15010064 Article: Evaluation of CMORPH, PERSIANN-CDR, CHIRPS V2.0, TMPA 3B42 V7, and GPM IMERG V6 Satellite Precipitation Datasets in Arabian Arid Regions Ahmed M. Helmi and Mohamed S. Abdelhamed Water 2023, 15(1), 92; DOI: 10.3390/w15010092 Article: Bioelectricity Generation and Decolorization of Reactive Blue 221 Using a Modified Cathode Dual-Chamber Microbial Fuel Cell Mohammad Amin Mousavian, Sepideh Hosseini and Bita Ayati Water 2023, 15(1), 101; DOI: 10.3390/w15010101 Article: Risk-Informed Design of RCC Dams under Extreme Seismic Loading Keith A. Ferguson Water 2023, 15(1), 116; DOI: 10.3390/w15010116 Article: Research on Optimal Allocation of Water Resources in Handan City Based on the Refined Water Resource Allocation Model Jing Ma, Hongliang Liu, Wenfeng Wu, Yinqin Zhang and Sen Dong Water 2023, 15(1), 154; DOI: 10.3390/w15010154 Article: The Effect of Multi-Source DEM Accuracy on the Optimal Catchment Area Threshold Honggang Wu, Xueying Liu, Qiang Li, Xiujun Hu and Hongbo Li Water 2023, 15(1), 209; DOI: 10.3390/w15010209 Hydrogeology Review: Process Water Management and Seepage Control in Tailings Storage Facilities: Engineered Environmental Solutions Applied in Chile and Peru Carlos Cacciuttolo, Alvar Pastor, Patricio Valderrama and Edison Atencio Water 2023, 15(1), 196; DOI: 10.3390/w15010196 Article: Modeling the Groundwater Dynamics of the Celaya Valley Aquifer Ana B. Rubio-Arellano, Jose A. Ramos-Leal, Víctor M. Vázquez-Báez and José I. Rodriguez Mora Water 2023, 15(1), 1; DOI: 10.3390/w15010001 Article: Development Patterns of Fractured Water-Conducting Zones under Fully Mechanized Mining in Wet-Collapsible Loess Area Yonghai Teng, Sihai Yi, Wei Zhu and Shengqiang Jing Water 2023, 15(1), 22; DOI: 10.3390/w15010022 Article: Origin of Groundwater Salinity in the Draa Sfar Polymetallic Mine Area Using Conservative Elements (Morocco) Anasse Ait Lemkademe, Jean-Luc Michelot, Abdelfattah Benkaddour, Lahoucine Hanich and Ouissal Heddoun Water 2023, 15(1), 82; DOI: 10.3390/w15010082 Article: Fast Recognition on Shallow Groundwater and Anomaly Analysis Using Frequency Selection Sounding Method Lu Yulong, Yang Tianchun, Abdollah Taheri Tizro and Liu Yang Water 2023, 15(1), 96; DOI: 10.3390/w15010096 Article: Spatiotemporal Analysis of Groundwater Resources in the Saïss Aquifer, Morocco Manal El Garouani, Hassan Radoine, Aberrahim Lahrach and Hassane Jarar Oulidi Water 2023, 15(1), 105; DOI: 10.3390/w15010105 Article: Rainfall-Runoff Time Lags from Saltwater Interface Interactions in Atlantic Coastal Plain Basins Brady Evans, Harald Klammler, Michael D. Annable and James W. Jawitz Water 2023, 15(1), 142; DOI: 10.3390/w15010142 Article: Determining Aquifer Hydrogeological Parameters in Coastal Aquifers from Tidal Attenuation Analysis, Case Study: The Malta Mean Sea Level Aquifer System Francesco Demichele, Fabian Micallef, Ivan Portoghese, Julian Alexander Mamo, Manuel Sapiano, Michael Schembri and Christoph Schüth Water 2023, 15(1), 177; DOI: 10.3390/w15010177 Article: Evaluation of Groundwater Quality for Irrigation in Deep Aquifers Using Multiple Graphical and Indexing Approaches Supported with Machine Learning Models and GIS Techniques, Souf Valley, Algeria Mohamed Hamdy Eid, Mohssen Elbagory, Ahmed A. Tamma, Mohamed Gad, Salah Elsayed, Hend Hussein, Farahat S. 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M. Seyedpour, C. Henning, P. Kirmizakis, S. Herbrandt, K. Ickstadt, R. Doherty and T. Ricken Water 2023, 15(1), 159; DOI: 10.3390/w15010159 Article: Optimisation of Cereal Farm Strategies for Mitigating Externalities Associated with Intensive Production Yusheng Zhang and Adrian L. Collins Water 2023, 15(1), 169; DOI: 10.3390/w15010169 Water and Climate Change Article: Climate Change Impacts on Water Resources in the Danube River Basin: A Hydrological Modelling Study Using EURO-CORDEX Climate Scenarios Elisabeth Probst and Wolfram Mauser Water 2023, 15(1), 8; DOI: 10.3390/w15010008 Article: Carbon Dioxide Concentration and Emissions along a Trophic Gradient in Tropical Karst Lakes Mariana Vargas-Sánchez, Javier Alcocer, Salvador Sánchez-Carrillo, Luis A. Oseguera, Erika M. 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