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Favorite Blogs

  • Authentically Wired
    Water and a lot more from Paul F. Miller.
  • AWRA
    The water resources blog of the American Water Resources Association.
  • Blue Marble Earth
    An articulate Earth scientist with an MS in Geography from Oregon State University, Courtney van Stolk explores the 'whys' of this fantastic planet.
  • California Water Blog
    A biologist, economist, engineer and geologist walk onto a bar…From the Center for Watershed Sciences at UC-Davis.
  • Campanastan
    That's 'Campana-stan', or 'Place of Campana', formerly 'Aquablog'. Michael Campana's personal blog, promulgating his Weltanschauung.
  • Chance of Rain
    Journalist Emily Green's take on water and related issues.
  • Dr. Anne Jefferson's Watershed Hydrology Lab
    Anne blogs from Kent State University on a variety of earth science topics.
  • Great Lakes Law
    Noah Hall's blog about - what else - all things wet and legal in the Great Lakes region!
  • International Water Law Project
    Gabriel Eckstein, Professor of Law at Texas A&M University School of Law, comments on international and transboundary water law and policy.
  • John Fleck
    Former science writer @ Albuquerque Journal and current director of the Water Resources Program at U of NM. Topics: Colorado River basin, Western USA water, more!
  • Legal Planet: Environmental Law and Policy
    From the UC-Berkeley and UCLA law schools, it highlights the latest legal and policy initiatives and examines their implications.
  • Maven's Notebook
    A water, science, and environmental policy blog by Chris Austin, aka 'Maven'. Focus is on California.
  • On The Public Record
    A 'low level civil servant who reads a lot of government reports writes about California water and related topics.
  • Wettit - the water reddit
    Water blog with tons of news items, other blogs, etc.
  • Texas Agriculture Law Blog
    Don't let the name fool you - there are lots of water issues in agriculture and Tiffany Dowell of Texas A&M University does a fabulous job with this important Internet resource. Give it a read - I do every day!
  • The Water Blog
    From the Portland, OR, Water Bureau.
  • The Way of Water
    Dr. Jennifer Veilleux records her fieldwork, research, and thoughts about water resources development and management, indigenous rights, ethics, and a host of other issues.
  • Thirsty in Suburbia
    Gayle Leonard documents things from the world of water that make us smile: particularly funny, amusing and weird items on bottled water, water towers, water marketing, recycling, the art-water nexus and working.
  • This Day in Water History
    Michael J. 'Mike' McGuire, engineer extraordinaire, NAE member, and author of 'The Chlorine Revolution', blogs about historical happenings in the fields of drinking water and wastewater keyed to calendar dates.
  • WaSH Resources
    New publications, web sites and multi-media on water, sanitation and hygiene (WaSH).
  • Waste, Water, Whatever
    Elizabeth Royte's ('Bottlemania', 'Garbage Land') notes on waste, water, whatever.
  • Water Matters
    News from the Columbia University Water Center.
  • Watershed Moments: Thoughts from the Hydrosphere
    From Sarah Boon - rediscovering her writing and editing roots after 13 years, primarily as an environmental scientist. Her writing centres around creative non-fiction, specifically memoir and nature writing. The landscapes of western Canada are her main inspiration.
  • WaterWired
    All things freshwater: news, comment, publications and analysis from hydrogeologist Michael E. Campana, Professor at Oregon State University and Technical Director of the AWRA.

Groundwater and Hydrogeology

Saturday, 23 October 2021

Water, Volume 13, Issue 20 (October-2 2021) - 143 Articles

Screen Shot 2021-10-22 at 8.51.35 PMFrom MDPI -Water, Volume 13, Issue 20 (October-2 2021) - 143 articles.

If you cannot access or read the articles below click here.

Table of Contents

General Water and One Health
Water-Energy Nexus New Sensors, New Technologies and Machine Learning in Water Sciences
Hydrogeology Soil and Water
Water and Climate Change Ecohydrology
Hydrology Wastewater Treatment and Reuse
Water Resources Management, Policy and Governance Water Quality and Contamination
Urban Water Management Hydraulics and Hydrodynamics
Biodiversity and Functionality of Aquatic Ecosystems Oceans and Coastal Zones
Water Erosion and Sediment Transport Water Use and Scarcity
Water, Agriculture and Aquaculture Special Issues Open for Submissions
Topical Collections (without Deadline) Upcoming Conference
Recent Special Issue Reprints

General

Mohammad Fahmi Abu Bakar, Wenyan Wu, David Proverbs and Eirini Mavritsaki
Water 2021, 13(20), 2880; doi:10.3390/w13202880
Jiahui Deng, Yu Li, Wei Ding, Bingyao Zhang, Bo Xu and Huicheng Zhou
Water 2021, 13(20), 2826; doi:10.3390/w13202826
Tolulope Emmanuel Oginni, Shuang Li, Hailun He, Hongwei Yang and Zheng Ling
Water 2021, 13(20), 2841; doi:10.3390/w13202841
Christopher John Allman, David Gómez-Ortiz, Andrea Burke, Ricardo Amils, Nuria Rodriguez and David Fernández-Remolar
Water 2021, 13(20), 2861; doi:10.3390/w13202861
Marta Mazzotta, Silvano Salaris, Maria Rosaria Pascale, Luna Girolamini, Graziella Ciani and Sandra Cristino
Water 2021, 13(20), 2905; doi:10.3390/w13202905
Qin Qin, Hongtao Lu, Zhiliang Zhu, Minghao Sui, Yanling Qiu and Daqiang Yin
Water 2021, 13(20), 2916; doi:10.3390/w13202916
Jim Lyons, Jon Hateley, Graeme Peirson, Frances Eley, Stuart Manwaring and Karen Twine
Water 2021, 13(20), 2932; doi:10.3390/w13202932

Hydrogeology

Mohammad A. Moghaddam, Ty P. A. Ferré, Xingyuan Chen, Kewei Chen, Xuehang Song and Glenn Hammond
Water 2021, 13(20), 2837; doi:10.3390/w13202837
Sadhasivam Sathish, Claudia Cherubini, Nicola Pastore, Concetta I. Giasi and Dimitra Rapti
Water 2021, 13(20), 2853; doi:10.3390/w13202853
Ignasi Herms, Jorge Jódar, Albert Soler, Luís Javier Lambán, Emilio Custodio, Joan Agustí Núñez, Georgina Arnó, David Parcerisa and Joan Jorge-Sánchez
Water 2021, 13(20), 2891; doi:10.3390/w13202891
Robert Luetkemeier, Fanny Frick-Trzebitzky, Dženeta Hodžić, Anne Jäger, David Kuhn and Linda Söller
Water 2021, 13(20), 2906; doi:10.3390/w13202906
Chengpeng Liu, Tao Peng, Jiebin Yang, Zhigao Zhao and Jiandong Yang
Water 2021, 13(20), 2933; doi:10.3390/w13202933

Soil and Water

Israt Jahan, Mohammad Anwarul Abedin, Mohammad Rafiqul Islam, Mahmud Hossain, Tahsina Sharmin Hoque, Quazi Forhad Quadir, Mohammad Ismail Hossain, Ahmed Gaber, Yusuf S. Althobaiti and Mohammad Mahmudur Rahman
Water 2021, 13(20), 2816; doi:10.3390/w13202816
Alaa Jasim Mohammed, Mohd Hafiz Ibrahim, Syaizwan Zahmir Zulkifli and Jasim Mohammed Salman
Water 2021, 13(20), 2896; doi:10.3390/w13202896
Bing Jia, Jianhua Si, Haiyang Xi and Jie Qin
Water 2021, 13(20), 2931; doi:10.3390/w13202931

Water and Climate Change

Shudi Dong, Md Salauddin, Soroush Abolfathi and Jonathan Pearson
Water 2021, 13(20), 2849; doi:10.3390/w13202849
Ahsen Maqsoom, Bilal Aslam, Mamdooh Alwetaishi, Muhammad Awais, Usman Hassan, Sidra Maqsoom, Wesam Salah Alaloul, Muhammad Ali Musarat, Bilel Zerouali and Enas E. Hussein
Water 2021, 13(20), 2868; doi:10.3390/w13202868
Wenchuan Wang, Yujin Du, Kwokwing Chau, Haitao Chen, Changjun Liu and Qiang Ma
Water 2021, 13(20), 2871; doi:10.3390/w13202871
Sydney Shikwambana, Ntokozo Malaza and Karabo Shale
Water 2021, 13(20), 2872; doi:10.3390/w13202872
Zhibo Xie, Xingmin Mu, Peng Gao, Changxue Wu and Dexun Qiu
Water 2021, 13(20), 2892; doi:10.3390/w13202892
Yapeng Cao, Guoyu Li, Gang Wu, Dun Chen, Kai Gao, Liyun Tang, Hailiang Jia and Fuqiang Che
Water 2021, 13(20), 2908; doi:10.3390/w13202908
Richard Mind’je, Lanhai Li, Patient Mindje Kayumba, Mapendo Mindje, Sikandar Ali and Adeline Umugwaneza
Water 2021, 13(20), 2926; doi:10.3390/w13202926
 

Ecohydrology

Hongqin Li, Yongsheng Yang, Fawei Zhang, Xiaowei Guo, Yikang Li, Li Lin, Yingnian Li, Guangmin Cao and Huakun Zhou
Water 2021, 13(20), 2815; doi:10.3390/w13202815
Hui Yang and Jiansheng Cao
Water 2021, 13(20), 2903; doi:10.3390/w13202903
 

Hydrology

Joseph Mathuthu, Naomi Dikeledi Mokhine, Namhla Mkiva, Samuel Che Nde, Ingrid Dennis, Johan Hendriks, Lobina Palamuleni, Tebogo Gilbert Kupi and Manny Mathuthu
Water 2021, 13(20), 2801; doi:10.3390/w13202801
Eleni Vasileiou, Panagiotis Papazotos, Dimitrios Dimitrakopoulos and Maria Perraki
Water 2021, 13(20), 2809; doi:10.3390/w13202809
Mohammad Hassan Dehghanipour, Hojat Karami, Hamidreza Ghazvinian, Zahra Kalantari and Amir Hossein Dehghanipour
Water 2021, 13(20), 2814; doi:10.3390/w13202814
Nicolas Obin, Hongni Tao, Fei Ge and Xingwang Liu
Water 2021, 13(20), 2819; doi:10.3390/w13202819
Gimoon Jeong, Do-Guen Yoo, Tae-Woong Kim, Jin-Young Lee, Joon-Woo Noh and Doosun Kang
Water 2021, 13(20), 2820; doi:10.3390/w13202820
Ewa Bogdanowicz, Emilia Karamuz and Renata Julita Romanowicz
Water 2021, 13(20), 2840; doi:10.3390/w13202840
Huaizhong Yu, Chen Yu, Yuchuan Ma, Binbin Zhao, Chong Yue, Rong Gao and Yulong Chang
Water 2021, 13(20), 2843; doi:10.3390/w13202843
Wenfeng Hu, Junqiang Yao, Qing He and Jing Chen
Water 2021, 13(20), 2848; doi:10.3390/w13202848
María Fernández-Raga, Marco Cabeza-Ortega, Víctor González-Castro, Piet Peters, Meindert Commelin and Julián Campo
Water 2021, 13(20), 2851; doi:10.3390/w13202851
Tianyu Zhang, Yuxiao Wang, Bo Liu, Yingying Sun and Xianyan Chen
Water 2021, 13(20), 2855; doi:10.3390/w13202855
Fares Al Hasan, Andreas Link and Ruud J. van der Ent
Water 2021, 13(20), 2856; doi:10.3390/w13202856
Chung-Yuan Liang, Yuan-Heng Wang, Gene Jiing-Yun You, Po-Chun Chen and Emilie Lo
Water 2021, 13(20), 2881; doi:10.3390/w13202881
Lilian Niacsu, Ion Ionita, Claudia Samoila, Georgel Grigoras and Ana Maria Blebea-Apostu
Water 2021, 13(20), 2877; doi:10.3390/w13202877
Kui Wang, Zhengting Xia and Xue Li
Water 2021, 13(20), 2937; doi:10.3390/w13202937
Xuan Liu and Jie Zhou
Water 2021, 13(20), 2942; doi:10.3390/w13202942
 

Water Resources Management, Policy and Governance

Marcello Arosio, Luigi Cesarini and Mario L. V. Martina
Water 2021, 13(20), 2830; doi:10.3390/w13202830
Fernando Gumeta-Gómez, Andrea Sáenz-Arroyo, Gustavo Hinojosa-Arango, Claudia Monzón-Alvarado, Maria Azahara Mesa-Jurado and Dolores Molina-Rosales
Water 2021, 13(20), 2870; doi:10.3390/w13202870
Jung-Lien Chu, Chou-Chun Chiang, Li-Huan Hsu, Li-Rung Hwang, Yi-Chiang Yu, Kuan-Ling Lin, Chieh-Ju Wang, Shih-Hao Su and Ting-Shuo Yo
Water 2021, 13(20), 2884; doi:10.3390/w13202884
Gang Fu, Yue Qi, Junsheng Li, Caiyun Zhao, Jing He, Yiwen Ma and Jinfang Zhu
Water 2021, 13(20), 2899; doi:10.3390/w13202899
 

Wastewater Treatment and Reuse

Xianglong Li, Shanghua Wu, Yuzhu Dong, Haonan Fan, Zhihui Bai and Xuliang Zhuang
Water 2021, 13(20), 2928; doi:10.3390/w13202928
Sultan Alam, Barkat Ullah, Muhammad Sufaid Khan, Najeeb ur Rahman, Luqman Khan, Luqman Ali Shah, Ivar Zekker, Juris Burlakovs, Anna Kallistova, Nikolai Pimenov, Erkata Yandri, Roy Hendroko Setyobudi, Yahya Jani and Muhammad Zahoor
Water 2021, 13(20), 2803; doi:10.3390/w13202803
Federica Carraturo, Carmela Del Giudice, Mariacristina Compagnone, Giovanni Libralato, Maria Toscanesi, Marco Trifuoggi, Emilia Galdiero and Marco Guida
Water 2021, 13(20), 2824; doi:10.3390/w13202824
Shayma Albannay, Shinobu Kazama, Kumiko Oguma, Takashi Hashimoto and Satoshi Takizawa
Water 2021, 13(20), 2827; doi:10.3390/w13202827
Iryna Lanko, Jakub Hejnic, Jana Říhová-Ambrožová, Ivet Ferrer and Pavel Jenicek
Water 2021, 13(20), 2839; doi:10.3390/w13202839
Filippo Fazzino, Stefania Bilardi, Nicola Moraci and Paolo S. Calabrò
Water 2021, 13(20), 2845; doi:10.3390/w13202845
Yinan Zhang, Shihuan Lu, Yuxin Fang, Kexin Yang, Jiafeng Ding, Xueping Ye and Hangjun Zhang
Water 2021, 13(20), 2850; doi:10.3390/w13202850
Rodrigo González-Quiles, Juan Manuel de Andrés and Jorge Rodríguez-Chueca
Water 2021, 13(20), 2860; doi:10.3390/w13202860
Afnan Ali Hussain Hakami, Mohammed Asif Ahmed, Moonis Ali Khan, Zeid A. AlOthman, Mohd Rafatullah, Md. Ataul Islam and Masoom Raza Siddiqui
Water 2021, 13(20), 2864; doi:10.3390/w13202864
Vanessa Y. Maldonado, Michael F. Becker, Michael G. Nickelsen and Suzanne E. Witt
Water 2021, 13(20), 2873; doi:10.3390/w13202873
Mian Fawaz Ahmed, Muhammad Asad Abbas, Azhar Mahmood, Nasir M. Ahmad, Hifza Rasheed, Muhammad Abdul Qadir, Asad Ullah Khan, Hazim Qiblawey, Shenmin Zhu, Rehan Sadiq and Niaz Ali Khan
Water 2021, 13(20), 2876; doi:10.3390/w13202876
Khadeeja Rehman, Muhammad Arslan, Jochen A. Müller, Muhammad Saeed, Asma Imran, Imran Amin, Tanveer Mustafa, Samina Iqbal and Muhammad Afzal
Water 2021, 13(20), 2882; doi:10.3390/w13202882
Muna Hindiyeh, Aiman Albatayneh, Rashed Tarawneh, Suzan Suleiman, Adel Juaidi, Ramez Abdallah, Salah Jellali and Mejdi Jeguirim
Water 2021, 13(20), 2887; doi:10.3390/w13202887
Do Thi Thuy Quyen, Otaki Masahiro, Yurina Otaki and Tushara Chaminda
Water 2021, 13(20), 2898; doi:10.3390/w13202898
Bing Wang, Yunlong Liu, Siyu Zhang, Kaihang Zhang, Pedro Alvarez, John C. Crittenden, Bing Sun, Lin Yang, Su Liu and Zhilin Ran
Water 2021, 13(20), 2902; doi:10.3390/w13202902
Nurul Syuhada Sulaiman, Mohd Hazim Mohamad Amini, Mohammed Danish, Othman Sulaiman and Rokiah Hashim
Water 2021, 13(20), 2936; doi:10.3390/w13202936
Yinglin Liang, Xin Lin, Xiangtong Kong, Qiushi Duan, Pan Wang, Xiaojie Mei and Jinxing Ma
Water 2021, 13(20), 2852; doi:10.3390/w13202852
Ganesh L. Ghurye
Water 2021, 13(20), 2912; doi:10.3390/w13202912
 

Water Quality and Contamination

Giuliana Bianco, Luca Foti, Raffaella Pascale, Filomena Lelario, Donatella Coviello, Monica Brienza, Sabino Aurelio Bufo and Laura Scrano
Water 2021, 13(20), 2859; doi:10.3390/w13202859
Md. Shafiquzzaman, Saleem S. AlSaleem, Husnain Haider, Mohammad T. Alresheedi and Hussein Thabit
Water 2021, 13(20), 2799; doi:10.3390/w13202799
Sansan Feng, Hongwei Lu and Tianci Yao
Water 2021, 13(20), 2805; doi:10.3390/w13202805
Zhiqiang Gao, James V. Cizdziel, Kendall Wontor and Haitao Lu
Water 2021, 13(20), 2833; doi:10.3390/w13202833
Ivo Pinto, Rita Calisto, Cláudia R. Serra, Olga M. Lage and Sara C. Antunes
Water 2021, 13(20), 2836; doi:10.3390/w13202836
Veronica Nava and Barbara Leoni
Water 2021, 13(20), 2854; doi:10.3390/w13202854
Grzegorz Nałęcz-Jawecki, Justyna Chojnacka, Milena Wawryniuk and Agata Drobniewska
Water 2021, 13(20), 2857; doi:10.3390/w13202857
Rebeca Pérez-González, Xavier Sòria-Perpinyà, Juan Miguel Soria, Jesús Delegido, Patricia Urrego, María D. Sendra, Antonio Ruíz-Verdú, Eduardo Vicente and José Moreno
Water 2021, 13(20), 2866; doi:10.3390/w13202866
Roohollah Noori, Elmira Ansari, Yong-Wook Jeong, Saber Aradpour, Mohsen Maghrebi, Majid Hosseinzadeh and Sayed M. Bateni
Water 2021, 13(20), 2874; doi:10.3390/w13202874
Manuela Morais, Alexandra Marchã Penha, Maria Helena Novais, Leonel Landim, Sónia Silva Victória, Eduardo A. Morales and Luciana Gomes Barbosa
Water 2021, 13(20), 2888; doi:10.3390/w13202888
Yu Chen, Guangming Zhu and Yuandi Wang
Water 2021, 13(20), 2893; doi:10.3390/w13202893
Adriano Sfriso, Alessandro Buosi, Yari Tomio, Abdul-Salam Juhmani, Michele Mistri, Cristina Munari and Andrea Augusto Sfriso
Water 2021, 13(20), 2914; doi:10.3390/w13202914
Yuehan Lu, Peng Shang, Shuo Chen, Yingxun Du, Marco Bonizzoni and Amelia K. Ward
Water 2021, 13(20), 2919; doi:10.3390/w13202919
Sorachon Yoriya and Phattarathicha Tepsri
Water 2021, 13(20), 2935; doi:10.3390/w13202935
 

Urban Water Management

Konstantinos Oikonomou, Kendall Mongird, Jennie S. Rice and Juliet S. Homer
Water 2021, 13(20), 2846; doi:10.3390/w13202846
Charikleia Tsaridou and Anastasios J. Karabelas
Water 2021, 13(20), 2918; doi:10.3390/w13202918
Jianpeng Zhou, Azadeh Akhavan Bloorchian, Sina Nassiri and Abdolreza Osouli
Water 2021, 13(20), 2798; doi:10.3390/w13202798
Rita Ventura Matos, Manuel Peixeiro, Filipa Ferreira and José Saldanha Matos
Water 2021, 13(20), 2838; doi:10.3390/w13202838
Baden Myers, John Awad, David Pezzaniti, Dennis Gonzalez, Declan Page and Peter Dillon
Water 2021, 13(20), 2865; doi:10.3390/w13202865
Naila Mahdi and Krishna R. Pagilla
Water 2021, 13(20), 2910; doi:10.3390/w13202910
Caleb Christian Amos, Ataur Rahman, Sayka Jahan, John Mwangi Gathenya and Mohammad A. Alim
Water 2021, 13(20), 2920; doi:10.3390/w13202920
Wan-Ju Liao, Cheng-Li Cheng and Chao-Jung Lee
Water 2021, 13(20), 2922; doi:10.3390/w13202922
Marlon Jesús Ares-Milián, Marcos Quiñones-Grueiro, Cristina Verde and Orestes Llanes-Santiago
Water 2021, 13(20), 2924; doi:10.3390/w13202924
Jinning Liu, Zhiguo Shao and Wei Wang
Water 2021, 13(20), 2939; doi:10.3390/w13202939
 

Hydraulics and Hydrodynamics

Epaminondas Sidiropoulos, Konstantinos Vantas, Vlassios Hrissanthou and Thomas Papalaskaris
Water 2021, 13(20), 2817; doi:10.3390/w13202817
Jie Zhu, Zhao Zhang, Xiaohui Lei, Xia Yue, Xiaohua Xiang, Hao Wang and Mao Ye
Water 2021, 13(20), 2825; doi:10.3390/w13202825
Saba Mirza Alipour and Joao Leal
Water 2021, 13(20), 2858; doi:10.3390/w13202858
Christian X. Briceño-León, Diana S. Sanchez-Ferrer, Pedro L. Iglesias-Rey, F. Javier Martinez-Solano and Daniel Mora-Melia
Water 2021, 13(20), 2886; doi:10.3390/w13202886
Sharif Hossain, Guna A. Hewa, Christopher W. K. Chow and David Cook
Water 2021, 13(20), 2890; doi:10.3390/w13202890
 

Biodiversity and Functionality of Aquatic Ecosystems

Antoine Dubois, Christine Barras, Jean-Charles Pavard, Annick Donnay, Melvin Béatrix and Vincent M. P. Bouchet
Water 2021, 13(20), 2821; doi:10.3390/w13202821
Nafis Rayhan, Petra Schneider, Md. Shahidul Islam, Aminur Rashid, Mohammad Mojibul Hoque Mozumder, Mohammad Mosarof Hossain, Amany Begum and Md. Mostafa Shamsuzzaman
Water 2021, 13(20), 2835; doi:10.3390/w13202835
Feng Zhang, Li Zhang, Yanshuang Xie, Zhiyuan Wang and Shaoping Shang
Water 2021, 13(20), 2847; doi:10.3390/w13202847
Edward S. Gross, Rusty C. Holleman, Michael J. Thomas, Nann A. Fangue and Andrew L. Rypel
Water 2021, 13(20), 2904; doi:10.3390/w13202904
Małgorzata Oszkinis-Golon, Marcin Frankowski and Andrzej Pukacz
Water 2021, 13(20), 2909; doi:10.3390/w13202909
An-Yi Tsai, Ying-Tsong Lin and Gwo-Ching Gong
Water 2021, 13(20), 2934; doi:10.3390/w13202934
 

Oceans and Coastal Zones

Yuan-Jyh Lan and Tai-Wen Hsu
Water 2021, 13(20), 2925; doi:10.3390/w13202925
Yanguang Liu, Chuanshun Li, Ramlan Bin Omar, Xuefa Shi, Hui Zhang and Noraswana Nor Faiz
Water 2021, 13(20), 2823; doi:10.3390/w13202823
Jesse N. Beckman, Joseph W. Long, Andrea D. Hawkes, Lynn A. Leonard and Eman Ghoneim
Water 2021, 13(20), 2829; doi:10.3390/w13202829
Claudio Iuppa, Lilia Carlo, Enrico Foti and Carla Faraci
Water 2021, 13(20), 2862; doi:10.3390/w13202862
 

Water Erosion and Sediment Transport

Masoud Kazem, Hossein Afzalimehr and Jueyi Sui
Water 2021, 13(20), 2812; doi:10.3390/w13202812

Water Use and Scarcity

Saifullah Khan, Nese Yilmaz, Mohammad Valipour and Andreas N. Angelakis
Water 2021, 13(20), 2813; doi:10.3390/w13202813
Patrizia Trifilò, Sara Natale, Sara Gargiulo, Elisa Abate, Valentino Casolo and Andrea Nardini
Water 2021, 13(20), 2911; doi:10.3390/w13202911
Shwan Seeyan, Ammar Adham, Karrar Mahdi and Coen Ritsema
Water 2021, 13(20), 2927; doi:10.3390/w13202927
 

Water, Agriculture and Aquaculture

Zhenyang Liu, Yujiang Xiong, Juzeng Xu, Shihong Yang, Zewei Jiang and Fangping Liu
Water 2021, 13(20), 2811; doi:10.3390/w13202811
Nguyen Van Cong, Dinh Thai Danh and Tran Sy Nam
Water 2021, 13(20), 2885; doi:10.3390/w13202885
Zhanxia Ma, Weixiong Wu, Juha M. Alatalo, Wuxiang Fu and Yang Bai
Water 2021, 13(20), 2895; doi:10.3390/w13202895
Yuexin Fu, Zhuhua Hu, Yaochi Zhao and Mengxing Huang
Water 2021, 13(20), 2907; doi:10.3390/w13202907
 
"What’s the use of having developed a science well enough to make predictions if, in the end, all we’re willing to do is stand around and wait for them to come true?" - F. Sherwood Rowland

Posted on Saturday, 23 October 2021 at 12:22 AM in Climate Change, Climate & Meteorology, Groundwater and Hydrogeology, Policy, Planning, Governance, IWRM & Management, Potpourri, Readings, Journals, Videos, Films & Visuals, World Water | | Comments (0)

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Thursday, 21 October 2021

CRS Report: 'Carbon Capture and Sequestration (CCS) in the United States' Updated: 18 October 2021

Angela C. Jones and Ashley J. Lawson have updated (18 October 2021) this CRS report:  'Carbon Capture and Sequestration (CCS) in the United States'.

Download CRS_Report_CCS_USA_18Oct2021

Click on the graphics to enlarge them.

Summary
Carbon capture and storage (or sequestration)—known as CCS—is a process that involves capturing man-made carbon dioxide (CO2) at its source and storing it permanently underground. CCS could reduce the amount of CO2—an important greenhouse gas—emitted to the atmosphere from the burning of fossil fuels at power plants and other large industrial facilities. The concept of carbon utilization has also gained interest within Congress and in the private sector as a means for capturing CO2 and converting it into potentially commercially viable products, such as chemicals, fuels, cements, and plastics, thereby reducing emissions to the atmosphere and helping offset the cost of CO2 capture (CCS is sometimes referred to as CCUS—carbon capture, utilization, and storage). Direct air capture is a related and emerging technology designed to remove atmospheric CO2 directly.

Screen Shot 2021-10-21 at 8.36.55 PM

The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) has funded research and development (R&D) in aspects of CCS since at least 1997 within its Fossil Energy and Carbon Management Research, Development, Demonstration, and Deployment program (FECM) portfolio. Since FY2010, Congress has provided $7.3 billion in appropriations for DOE CCS-related activities, including annual increases in recent years. In FY2021, Congress provided $750 million to FECM, of which $228.3 million was directed to CCUS.

Worldwide, according to the Global CCS Institute, 24 facilities capturing and injecting CO2 facilities were operational in 2020, 12 of which are in the United States. U.S. facilities capturing and injecting CO2, and projects under development, operate in five industry sectors: chemical production, hydrogen production, fertilizer production, natural gas processing, and power generation. These facilities capture and inject CO2 with the aim to sequester the CO2 in underground geologic formations or use the CO2 to increase oil production from aging oil fields, known as enhanced oil recovery (EOR). The Petra Nova project in Texas was the first and only U.S. fossil-fueled power plant generating electricity and capturing CO2 in large quantities (over 1 million tons per year) until CCS operations were suspended in 2020.

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The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), under authorities to protect underground sources of drinking water, regulates CO2 injection through its Underground Injection Control (UIC) program and associated regulations. While the agency establishes minimum standards and criteria for UIC programs, most states have the responsibility for regulating and permitting wells injecting CO2 for EOR (classified as Class II recovery wells).

Congress has incentivized development of CCS projects through creation of the Internal Revenue Code Section 45Q tax credit for carbon sequestration or its use as a tertiary injectant for EOR or other designated purposes. Recent Internal Revenue Service guidance and regulations on this tax credit are intended to provide increased certainty for industry by establishing processes and standards for “secure geologic storage of CO2,” among other requirements.

The Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2021 (P.L. 116-260) included several provisions aimed at supporting CCS project development in the United States. The act revised and expanded DOE’s ongoing CCS research, development, and demonstration activities, established expedited federal permitting eligibility for CO2 pipelines (where applicable), and extended the start-of-construction deadline for facilities eligible for the Section 45Q tax credit, among other provisions.

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There is broad agreement that costs for CCS would need to decrease before the technologies could be widely deployed across the nation. In the view of many proponents, greater CCS deployment is fundamental to reduce CO2 emissions (or reduce the concentration of CO2 in the atmosphere) and to help mitigate human-induced climate change. Congress may also consider that some stakeholders do not support CCS as a mitigation option, citing concerns with continued fossil fuel combustion and the uncertainties of long-term underground CO2 storage.

Skipping to the discussion...

Discussion
In recent Congresses, proposed and enacted CCS-related legislation has addressed federal CCS RD&D activities and funding, CO2 pipelines, and the carbon sequestration tax credit. More than55 bills were introduced in the 116th Congress that contained provisions addressing CCS. Some of these bills, or provisions thereof, were enacted as part of the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2021 (P.L. 116-260). Potential implementation and oversight issues related to these provisions might be of interest in the 117th Congress. In 2021, the Biden Administration has announced climate change mitigation goals and strategies, and new climate-focused groups and initiatives that may also be of interest when considering CCS-related oversight, appropriations, or legislation.

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In the 116th Congress, as part of the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2021 (P.L. 116-260), Congress reauthorized the DOE CCS research program. Among other provisions, the law expanded the scope of DOE’s research to noncoal applications (e.g., natural gas-fired power plants, other industrial facilities). The law also authorized a DOE carbon utilization research program and specific activities related to direct air capture (e.g., a DAC technology prize). As is also true for other DOE applied research programs, some criticize such activities as an inappropriate role for government, arguing the private sector is better suited to develop technologies that can compete in the marketplace.

Costs have been, and remain, a key challenge to CCS development in the United States. In recent years, Congress has attempted to address this challenge in two main ways—federal R&D and federal tax credits. P.L. 116-260 also extended the start of construction deadline for facilities claiming the 45Q tax credit. The tax credit is considered by some stakeholders as one of the strongest policies supporting CCS in the world. In January 2021, the IRS promulgated regulations establishing requirements for carbon storage under Section 45Q. Congress remains interested in the efficacy of the tax credit in promoting CCS development and could consider additional adjustments to it.

The issue of expanded CCS deployment is closely tied to the issue of reducing greenhouse gas emissions to mitigate human-induced climate change. In two January 2021 executive orders, President Biden outlined new federal climate policies; created new White House and Department of Justice climate offices; and established new task forces, workgroups, and advisory committees on climate change science and policy. At this early stage, the implications of these executive branch policies and actions on CCS project development and deployments are unclear.

An additional consideration in the congressional policy discussion is that not all advocates for actions to address climate change support CCS technology.83 Some argue that CCS supports continued reliance on fossil fuels, which runs counter to reducing greenhouse gas emissions and other environmental goals. They tend to prefer policies that phase out the use of fossil fuels altogether. Other CCS opponents raise concerns about the long-term safety and environmental uncertainties of injecting large volumes of CO2 underground.

Enjoy!

"Science touches everything, and everything touches science." - Ed Yong, in @TheAtlantic

Posted on Thursday, 21 October 2021 at 08:55 PM in Climate Change, Climate & Meteorology, CRS, FMSO & GAO Reports, Energy & Water, Groundwater and Hydrogeology, Wastewater, Stormwater & Infrastructure | | Comments (0)

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Sunday, 10 October 2021

Paper: 'Wildfires Can Increase Regulated Nitrate, Arsenic, and Disinfection Byproduct Violations and Concentrations in Public Drinking Water Supplies'

This fascinating paper came my way via email.

Michael J. Pennino, Scott G. Leibowitz, Jana E. Compton, Mussie T. Beyene, Stephen D. LeDuc.Wildfires can increase regulated nitrate, arsenic, and disinfection byproduct violations and concentrations in public drinking water supplies,Science of the Total Environment, Volume 804, 15 January 2022, 149890.

Download Pennino et al. 2022. STE

Highlights:

•Wildfires occur across much of the conterminous United States.

•Public water systems are often downstream of areas that experience wildfires.

•Wildfires are associated with increased drinking water contaminant levels.

•The elevated drinking contaminant levels can last multiple years post-wildfire.

•This research may help prepare water systems for wildfires and their impacts.

Abstract
Wildfires are a concern for water quality in the United States, particularly in the wildland-urban interface of populous areas. Wildfires combust vegetation and surface soil organic matter, reduce plant nutrient uptake, and can alter the composition of runoff and receiving waters. At the wildland-urban interface, fires can also introduce contaminants from the combustion of man-made structures. We examine post-wildfire effects on drinking water quality by evaluating concentrations and maximum contaminant level (MCL) violations of selected contaminants regulated in the U.S. at public drinking water systems (PWSs) located downstream from wildfire events. Among contaminants regulated under the U.S. Safe Drinking Water Act, nitrate, arsenic, disinfection byproducts, and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) were analyzed in watersheds that experienced major wildfires. Surface water sourced drinking water (SWDW) nitrate violations increased by an average of 0.56 violations per PWS and concentrations increased by 0.044 mg-N/L post-wildfire. Groundwater sourced drinking water (GWDW) nitrate violations increased by 0.069 violations per PWS and concentrations increased by 0.12 mg-N/L post-wildfire. SWDW total trihalomethane (TTHM) violations increased by 0.58 violations per PWS and concentrations increased by 10.4 μg/L. SWDW total haloacetic acid (HAA5) violations increased by 0.82 violations per PWS and concentrations increased by 8.5 μg/L. Arsenic violations increased by 1.08 violations per PWS and concentrations increased by 0.92 μg/L. There was no significant effect of wildfires on average VOC violations. Nitrate violations increased in 75% of SWDW sites and 34% of GWDW sites post-wildfire, while about 71% and 50% of SWDW sites showed an increase in TTHM and HAA5 violations. Violations also increased for 35% of arsenic and 44% of VOC sites post-wildfire. These findings support the need for increased awareness about the impact of wildfires on drinking water treatment to help PWS operators adapt to the consequences of wildfires on source water quality, particularly in wildfire-prone regions.

1-s2.0-S0048969721049652-ga1_lrgEnjoy!

“Work is accomplished by those employees who have not yet reached their level of incompetence.” - Laurence J. Peter

Posted on Sunday, 10 October 2021 at 02:47 PM in Bottled Water and Tap/Drinking Water, Groundwater and Hydrogeology, Readings, Journals, Videos, Films & Visuals, WaSH, Water Quality, Health & Ecosystems | | Comments (0)

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Thursday, 07 October 2021

Jesse J. Richardson Opines on Mississippi v. Tennessee. Nearing the End for Mississippi?

Jesse J. Richardson, one of the smartest water lawyers I know, has written a number Richardson_jesse-web-288x384
of times about groundwater, especially the seminal Mississippi v. Tennessee case, which the Supreme Court heard on 4 October 2021. His most recent MS v. TN WaterWired article was on the Special Master's decision in November 2020, which did not support Mississippi's position. 

I just received this article from him. I inserted the graphics.

                                       Mississippi v. Tennessee
                                           Jesse J. Richardson
                            West Virginia University College of Law
                                           

On Monday, October 4 the United States Supreme Court heard oral arguments in the Mississippi v. Tennessee. Both states have filed exceptions to the latest recommendations of Special Master. Mississippi filed suit arguing, essentially, that Memphis, Tennessee has stolen the groundwater from beneath Mississippi by placing several high volume water wells near the state line.

The litigation began in 2005, when Mississippi filed suit against the Memphis public water supplier in federal court. The district court and court of appeals both found that Mississippi needed to file suit against Tennessee and request that the United States Supreme Court divide the groundwater between the states (“equitable apportionment”). The United States, without comment, refused to hear the appeal and denied Mississippi’s motion to file a bill of complaint, in 2010.

In 2014, Mississippi again filed a motion for leave to file a bill of complaint. This time, the United States Supreme Court granted the motion. The Special Master, in the latest report, recommended that the Court dismiss the present action and grant leave to Mississippi to file an amended complaint asking the Court to equitably apportion the water. Mississippi objected to the recommendation to dismiss and Tennessee objected to the recommendation to allow Mississippi to amend to request equitable apportionment.

The arguments and questions from the justices spanned a wide range of topics, making it difficult to pinpoint one or two main points. Although most press reports have indicated that the justices expressed skepticism towards the claims by Mississippi, which they did, the reports leave out the pointed questions aimed at Tennessee as well.

Starting with the second question, some justices expressed frustration with Mississippi’s insistence on not pursuing an equitable apportionment claim, with one justice exclaiming that this started in 2005, “[w]hen is enough, enough”? Others, however, seemed to believe that Mississippi should be given that chance if this case is dismissed. Most seemed to wonder why the Court had to say anything at all- can’t Mississippi file leave to amend if and when they wish? I believe the Court will, out of fairness, allow Mississippi to amend if the Court rules against them.

6a00d8341bf80a53ef0282e10a4963200b-800wi

As to whether Mississippi’s claim will survive this round, most justices expressed skepticism. My thought prior to this argument was that Mississippi has a steep hill to climb. I believe that the hill is still steep. However, during the latter part of the argument, some questions were asked about how groundwater is different than surface water and whether that means that equitable apportionment should not apply. Note that the Court has never considered a case involving apportionment of groundwater so this is the first time the Court would rule on that issue.

Other questions seemed to indicate that some justices think that equitable apportionment should apply, but may be different with respect to groundwater. The Chief Justice joked about his lack of knowledge of groundwater but the joke reinforced statements in other oral arguments that the justices are not comfortable with the technical issues involved in water cases. The Court is in a very different role in these types of cases than the usual appeal to the Court.

Some questions revealed a concern about what the ruling here would mean for the Court’s workload. If the Court rules in favor of Mississippi would a flood of litigation result? Or would allowing equitable apportionment of groundwater mean more states filing suit over interstate aquifers?

I was left with more uncertainty than prior to the oral arguments, but I will stick to my pre-argument prediction and say that the Court is likely to dismiss the present action by Mississippi and allow the state to amend the complaint to ask for equitable apportionment. If my prediction is correct, the arguments start all over again about how equitable apportionment should apply to groundwater, if at all. The level of complexity and uncertainty remain very high, but any result will impact groundwater management in profound ways.

On a personal note, Justice Sotomayor referred to an amicus brief that I co-authored with several other law professors during her questioning of Tennessee’s attorney. To have the United States Supreme Court explicitly recognize your work is quite humbling and I am very grateful for the chance to provide input at this highest level of legal debate.

Water Systems Council will continue to monitor this case and keep you advised of the latest developments. We expect a ruling in early 2022.

Great job, Jesse!

Enjoy!

"The history of [groundwater law] is as thrilling as ignorance, inertia, and timidity could have made it." — Mark N. Goodman

Posted on Thursday, 07 October 2021 at 11:53 PM in Conflict, Cooperation, Vulnerability & Security, Groundwater and Hydrogeology, Southeastern and Eastern USA | | Comments (0)

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Thursday, 02 September 2021

David Zetland Allows Me on Jive Talking: 'A Lifetime of X-Disciplinary Wisdom for Managing (Ground) Water

D200x250David Zetland, an  economist at Leiden University in the Netherlands, invited me to chat with him on his 'Jive Talking' podcast. He titled it 'Michael Campana Has A Lifetime of X-Disciplinary Wisdom for Managing (Ground) Water': click here.

David and I go back to the early days of blogging. He ran the Aguanomics blog way before I began WaterWired and I looked to his work as a model. He's iconoclastic and always got lots of comments, which he responded to with gusto. Here is a sample from 2009. 

 

Here is blurb on me:

Episode 148: Michael E. Campana is a 'pracademic' who, for 45 years, has Campana_Paris taught and conducted groundwater research at universities in Nevada, New Mexico and now, Oregon (since 2006). He focuses on Managed Aquifer Recharge (MAR) & water supply resilience these days but has also broadedned his horizons to include Integrated water resources management and adaptation. He is the founder and CEO of the hydrophilanthropy Ann Campana Judge Foundation that funds/conducts Water and Sanitation projects in Honduras.

Ann Campana Judge Foundation:
www.acjfoundation.org

Download Managed Aquifer Depletion (MAD)_Article

Download Managed Aquifer Recharge (MAR)_Campana

Actual World, Possible Future (a biographical film on the Ostroms)
www.pbs.org/video/actual-world-…ible-future-09rkab/

Fracking and politics in ND
www.politico.com/news/magazine/20…vironment-50230

My voice is somewhat muffled. I go on for about 65 minutes.

Thanks, David!

Enjoy!

"No, it’s not a mistake; you’re teaching in the old field house now. And we took the cap off your enrollments. It seats 3,200! Good luck with grading!" - @ass_deans

Posted on Thursday, 02 September 2021 at 04:12 PM in Blogs, Twitters, WWW sites, e-Newsletters, & Lists, Education, Groundwater and Hydrogeology, Readings, Journals, Videos, Films & Visuals | | Comments (0)

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