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CRS InFocus Report: 'Water Resources Development Act: Primer'

Two-pager CRS InFocus report by Nicole T. Carter and Anna E. Normand: 'Water Resources Development Act: Primer'.

Download CRS_InFocus_Rpt_WRDA_Primer_30Sept2019

Introduction

The Water Resources Development Act (WRDA) is the typical title that Congress uses for omnibus legislation for authorizing U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) civil works activities and directing the agency’s practices. WRDAs are distinguished from each other by referencing the year of enactment (e.g., WRDA 1986). WRDA provisions generally add to or amend the pool of existing USACE authorizations, with a few provisions reauthorizing time-limited USACE programs and some provisions that are intended to deauthorize inactive unconstructed projects. The majority of USACE authorizations do not expire. Most USACE water resource projects require two types of congressional authorization: one for studying feasibility and a subsequent one for construction. Drivers for enactment of a new WRDA typically include nonfederal and congressional interest in new studies and new construction projects and support for adjustments to existing projects, programmatic authorities, and policies.

WRDA 1986 (P.L. 99-662) marked the end of a decade- long stalemate between Congress and the executive branch on cost sharing, user fees, and environmental requirements for USACE projects. Since WRDA 1986, Congress often has considered WRDA legislation on a biennial cycle; the timing of enactment of WRDAs, however, has varied. Themost recent “stand-alone” WRDAs were enacted in 2000, 2007, and 2014. WRDA 2016 (Title I of P.L. 114-322, Water Infrastructure Improvements for the Nation Act, WIIN) and WRDA 2018 (Title I of P.L. 115-270,America’s Water Infrastructure Act of 2018, AWIA 2018) were enacted as titles in broader water bills. WIIN and AWIA 2018 authorized water-related programs and activities of not only USACE but also other federal agencies.

Cutting to the chase:

116th Congress and WRDA

The extent to which future USACE authorization legislation will be considered independently or as part of broader legislation remains to be seen. Although WRDAs often have received significant support in both chambers, in the past some issues have complicated deliberations and enactment. For example, Congress overcame a presidential veto to enact WRDA 2007.

Various topics may shape future WRDA deliberations, including the status and authorization of specific projects, postflood repair authorities and recovery work, operational changes in basins with contentious water management, and effects of bill provisions on discretionary spending and/or mandatory receipts and spending. Potential topics related to project development include environmental protections and considerations during planning and construction and economic analysis procedures. The use of two trust fundsthat support some of USACE’s navigation activities also isa potential topic.

Numerous projects authorized for construction in previous WRDAs remain unfunded. Similarly, Congress has authorized more USACE studies over recent decades than have received federal funding. Nonfederal sponsors often remain interested in pursuing these unfunded studies and construction activities. A challenge for policymakers is whether, and if so how, to advance these water resource studies and construction activities.

WRRDA 2014, WRDA 2016, and WRDA 2018 all expanded the opportunities for interested nonfederal entities, including private entities, to have greater roles in project development, construction, and financing. While some of these authorities may expedite progress on these projects, they also have the potential to further constrain federal discretion and prioritization of USACE activities. The status of efforts under these and other authorities (e.g., WIFIA) are among the topics that may shape deliberations of future WRDAs. Additionally, Administration proposals and actions and court decisions may affect bill deliberations.

Good stuff!

Enjoy!

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CRS Report: 'Office of Science and Technology Policy (OSTP) - History and Overview'

Very informative CRS report about an (historically) important organization fromJ ohn F. Sargent Jr. and Dana A. Shea: 'Office of Science and Technology Policy (OSTP): History and Overview'

Download CRS_Report_OSTP_History_Overview_8October_2019

Summary
Congress established the Office of Science and Technology Policy (OSTP) through the National Science and Technology Policy, Organization, and Priorities Act of 1976 (P.L. 94-282). The act states, “The primary function of the OSTP Director is to provide, within the Executive Office of the President [EOP], advice on the scientific, engineering, and technological aspects of issues that require attention at the highest level of Government.” Further, “The Office shall serve as a source of scientific and technological analysis and judgment for the President with respect to major policies, plans, and programs of the Federal Government.”

The President nominates the OSTP Director, who is subject to confirmation by the Senate. In some Administrations, the President has concurrently appointed the OSTP Director to the position of Assistant to the President for Science and Technology (APST), a position which allows for the provision of confidential advice to the President on matters of science and technology. The APST manages the National Science and Technology Council (NSTC), an interagency body established by Executive Order 12881 that coordinates science and technology (S&T) policy across the federal government. The APST also co-chairs the President’s Council of Advisors on Science and Technology (PCAST), a council of external advisors established by Executive Order 13539 that provides advice to the President. Executive Order 13811 continues PCAST through September 30, 2019. In January 2019, the Senate confirmed President Trump’s nominee for OSTP Director, Kelvin Droegemeier. While Dr. Droegemeier does not hold the APST title, according to OSTP he manages the NSTC and serves as co-chair of PCAST.

Several recurrent OSTP issues face Congress: the need for science advice within the EOP; the title, rank, and responsibilities of the OSTP Director; the policy areas for OSTP focus; the funding and staffing for OSTP; the roles and functions of OSTP and NSTC in setting federal science and technology policy; and the status and influence of PCAST. Some in the S&T community support raising the OSTP Director to Cabinet rank, contending that this would imbue the position with greater influence within the EOP. Others have proposed that the OSTP Director play a greater role in federal agency coordination, priority setting, and budget allocation. Both the Administration and Congress have identified areas of policy focus for OSTP staff, raising questions of prioritization and oversight. Some experts say NSTC has insufficient authority over federal agencies engaged in science and technology activities and that PCAST has insufficient influence on S&T policy; they question the overall coordination of federal science and technology activities. Finally, some in the scientific community support increasing the authority of the OSTP Director in the budget process to bring greater science and technology expertise to federal investment decision making.

Enjoy!

Water Alternatives, 12(3) - October 2019 Theme Section - 'Cultural Political Economy and Critical Water Studies' and More!

You can access this issue here.

Special Themed Section: Cultural Political Economy and critical water studies
Guest Editor: Peter P. Mollinga

Cultural Political Economy and critical water studies: An introduction to the Special Themed Section
Peter P. Mollinga
Water Alternatives 12(3): 788-801                   Abstract | Full Text - PDF

Political culture in water governance – A theoretical framework
Nadine Reis
Water Alternatives 12(3): 802-813                   Abstract | Full Text - PDF

Imagineering waterscapes: The case of the Dutch water sector
Chris Büscher
Water Alternatives 12(3): 814-835                   Abstract | Full Text - PDF

Cultural political economy of irrigation management in northeastern Ethiopia: The case of the Kobo-Girana Valley Development Programme
Million Gebreyes and Detlef Müller-Mahn
Water Alternatives 12(3): 836-852                   Abstract | Full Text - PDF

Reform and regression: Discourses of water reallocation in Mpumalanga, South Africa
Rebecca Peters and Philip Woodhouse
Water Alternatives 12(3): 853-868                   Abstract | Full Text - PDF

Undercurrents of participatory groundwater governance in Rural Jalna, western India
Poonam Argade and NC Narayanan
Water Alternatives 12(3): 869- 885                  Abstract | Full Text - PDF

Articles

Policy discretion, adaptation pressure and reloading implementation experiences in EU water governance: The case of the Netherlands
Marjolein C.J. van Eerd, Mark A. Wiering and Carel Dieperink
Water Alternatives 12(3): 886-906                   Abstract | Full Text - PDF

City sanitation planning through a political economy lens
Kumi Abeysuriya, Juliet Willetts, Naomi Carrard and Antoinette Kome
Water Alternatives 12(3): 907-929                   Abstract | Full Text - PDF

Gender, water and nutrition in India: An intersectional perspective
Amit Mitra and Nitya Rao
Water Alternatives 12(3): 930-952                   Abstract | Full Text - PDF

Participation and power dynamics between international non-governmental organisations and local partners: A rural water case study in Indonesia
Ian Cunningham, Juliet Willetts, Keren Winterford and Tim Foster
Water Alternatives 12(3): 953-974                   Abstract | Full Text - PDF

A sociopolitical analysis of drinking water governance in French Polynesia: The case of the Tuamotu Archipelago
Klervi Fustec
Water Alternatives 12(3): 975-992                   Abstract | Full Text - PDF

Giving water its place: Artificial glaciers and the politics of place in a high-altitude Himalayan village
Arjun Sharma
Water Alternatives 12(3): 993-1016                  Abstract | Full Text - PDF

De- and re-politicisation of water security examined through the lens of hydrosocial cycle: The case of Jakarta’s seawall plan
Thanti Octavianti and Katrina Charles
Water Alternatives 12(3): 1017-1037                Abstract | Full Text - PDF

Grounded and global: Water infrastructures development and policy in the Ayeyarwady Delta, Myanmar
Benoit Ivars and Jean-Philippe Venot
Water Alternatives 12(3): 1038-1063                Abstract | Full Text - PDF

The Yarmouk tributary to the Jordan River I: Agreements impeding equitable and sustainable transboundary water arrangements
Mark Zeitoun, Chadi Abdallah, Muna Dajani, Sa’eb Khresat, Heather Elaydi and Amani Alfarra
Water Alternatives 12(3): 1064-1094                Abstract | Full Text - PDF

The Yarmouk tributary to the Jordan River II: Infrastructure impeding the transformation of equitable transboundary water arrangements
Mark Zeitoun, Muna Dajani, Chadi Abdallah, Sa’eb Khresat and Heather Elaydi
Water Alternatives 12(3): 1095-1122                Abstract | Full Text - PDF

"Promises only bind those who believe them." - Former French President Jacques Chirac (quoted in @politico via @TheWeek)

Water, Volume 11, Issue 9 (September 2019): Management, Governance, Water Quality, Ecosystems, Hydraulics, Hydrology, Water-Energy-Food Nexus, Groundwater, Wastewater Treatment, More!

If you cannot download the articles click here.

Cover Story

Article: An Integrated Approach for Studying the Hydrology of the Ljubljansko Polje Aquifer in Slovenia and Its Simulation

Janja Vrzel, Ralf Ludwig, Goran Vižintin and Nives Ogrinc

Water 2019, 11(9), 1753; doi:10.3390/w11091753

 

Featured Papers Review: On Some Properties of the Glacial Isostatic Adjustment Fingerprints Giorgio Spada and Daniele Melini Water 2019, 11(9), 1844; doi:10.3390/w11091844 Article: Sensitivity of Agricultural Development to Water-Related Drivers: The Case of Andalusia (Spain) Pilar Martinez and Maria Blanco Water 2019, 11(9), 1854; doi:10.3390/w11091854 Article: Implementation of a Full Momentum Conservative Approach in Modelling Flow Through Tidal Structures Nejc Čož, Reza Ahmadian and Roger A. Falconer Water 2019, 11(9), 1917; doi:10.3390/w11091917 Article: Analysis of the Effects of High Precipitation in Texas on Rainfed Sorghum Yields Om Prakash Sharma, Narayanan Kannan, Scott Cook, Bijay Kumar Pokhrel and Cameron McKenzie Water 2019, 11(9), 1920; doi:10.3390/w11091920 Article: A Continuous Drought Probability Monitoring System, CDPMS, Based on Copulas João Dehon Pontes Filho, Maria Manuela Portela, Ticiana Marinho de Carvalho Studart and Francisco de Assis Souza Filho Water 2019, 11(9), 1925; doi:10.3390/w11091925 Water Quality and Ecosystems Review: SPH Modeling of Water-Related Natural Hazards Sauro Manenti, Dong Wang, José M. Domínguez, Shaowu Li, Andrea Amicarelli and Raffaele Albano Water 2019, 11(9), 1875; doi:10.3390/w11091875 Review: Methods for Sample Collection, Storage, and Analysis of Freshwater Phosphorus Yusef Kianpoor Kalkhajeh, Bahman Jabbarian Amiri, Biao Huang, Azad Henareh Khalyani, Wenyou Hu, Hongjian Gao and Michael L. Thompson Water 2019, 11(9), 1889; doi:10.3390/w11091889 Article: Is There a Pattern for Occurrence of Macrophytes in Polish Ponds? Dariusz Świerk and Michał Krzyżaniak Water 2019, 11(9), 1738; doi:10.3390/w11091738 Article: Nutrient Removal from Chinese Coastal Waters by Large-Scale Seaweed Aquaculture Using Artificial Upwelling Wei Fan, Ruolan Zhao, Zhongzhi Yao, Canbo Xiao, Yiwen Pan, Ying Chen, Nianzhi Jiao and Yao Zhang Water 2019, 11(9), 1754; doi:10.3390/w11091754 Article: Predicting Lake Quality for the Next Generation: Impacts of Catchment Management and Climatic Factors in a Probabilistic Model Framework S. Jannicke Moe, Raoul-Marie Couture, Sigrid Haande, Anne Lyche Solheim and Leah Jackson-Blake Water 2019, 11(9), 1767; doi:10.3390/w11091767 Article: Using Bayesian Networks to Assess Effectiveness of Phosphorus Abatement Measures under the Water Framework Directive Jan Brabec, Jan Macháč and Jiřina Jílková Water 2019, 11(9), 1791; doi:10.3390/w11091791 Article: Combining Soil Erosion Modeling with Connectivity Analyses to Assess Lateral Fine Sediment Input into Agricultural Streams Ronald E. Poeppl, Lina A. Dilly, Stefan Haselberger, Chris S. Renschler and Jantiene E.M. Baartman Water 2019, 11(9), 1793; doi:10.3390/w11091793 Article: Factors Controlling the Spatial and Temporal Variability in Groundwater 222Rn and U Levels Soo Young Cho, Min-Ho Koo, Byong Wook Cho, Youn-Young Jung and Yong Hwa Oh Water 2019, 11(9), 1796; doi:10.3390/w11091796 Article: Coupling between Nitrification and Denitrification as well as Its Effect on Phosphorus Release in Sediments of Chinese Shallow Lakes Yao Zhang, Chunlei Song, Zijun Zhou, Xiuyun Cao and Yiyong Zhou Water 2019, 11(9), 1809; doi:10.3390/w11091809 Article: Phosphorus Removal with Coagulation Processes in Five Low Buffered Lakes—A Case Study of Mesocosm Research Michał Łopata, Renata Augustyniak, Jolanta Grochowska, Katarzyna Parszuto and Renata Tandyrak Water 2019, 11(9), 1812; doi:10.3390/w11091812 Article: Sulfur Development in the Water-Sediment System of the Algae Accumulation Embay Area in Lake Taihu Cheng Liu, Shiguang Shao, Lei Zhang, Yiheng Du, Kaining Chen, Chengxin Fan and Yang Yu Water 2019, 11(9), 1817; doi:10.3390/w11091817 Article: An Enhanced System with Macrophytes and Polyurethane Sponge as an Eco-Technology for Restoring Eutrophic Water: A Pilot Test Yijie Wang, Xinan Yin, Yanpeng Cai and Zhifeng Yang Water 2019, 11(9), 1828; doi:10.3390/w11091828 Article: Measuring Streambank Erosion: A Comparison of Erosion Pins, Total Station, and Terrestrial Laser Scanner Daniel T. Myers, Richard R. Rediske and James N. McNair Water 2019, 11(9), 1846; doi:10.3390/w11091846 Article: Comprehensive Evaluation and Source Apportionment of Potential Toxic Elements in Soils and Sediments of Guishui River, Beijing Jiankang Wang, Bo Gao, Shuhua Yin, Laisheng Liu, Dongyu Xu and Yanyan Li Water 2019, 11(9), 1847; doi:10.3390/w11091847 Article: Algae Growth Distribution and Key Prevention and Control Positions for the Middle Route of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project Jie Zhu, Xiaohui Lei, Jin Quan and Xia Yue Water 2019, 11(9), 1851; doi:10.3390/w11091851 Article: Changes in a Fish Community in a Small River Related to the Appearance of the Invasive Topmouth Gudgeon Pseudorasbora parva (Temminck & Schlegel, 1846) Jacek Rechulicz Water 2019, 11(9), 1857; doi:10.3390/w11091857 Article: Morphological Grayscale Reconstruction and ATLD for Recognition of Organic Pollutants in Drinking Water Based on Fluorescence Spectroscopy Fei Shi, Tingting Mao, Yitong Cao, Jie Yu, Dibo Hou, Pingjie Huang and Guangxin Zhang Water 2019, 11(9), 1859; doi:10.3390/w11091859 Article: Network Analysis Reveals Seasonal Patterns of Bacterial Community Networks in Lake Taihu under Aquaculture Conditions Yuqing Lin, Dayong Zhao, Jin Zeng, Xinyi Cao and Congcong Jiao Water 2019, 11(9), 1868; doi:10.3390/w11091868 Article: Scale Effects of Ecological Safety of Water-Saving Irrigation: A Case Study in the Arid Inland River Basin of Northwest China Guangyu Jiang and Zhongjing Wang Water 2019, 11(9), 1886; doi:10.3390/w11091886 Article: Influence of Different Types of Small Hydropower Stations on Macroinvertebrate Communities in the Changjiang River Basin, China Weihua Zhao, Weijie Guo, Liangyuan Zhao, Qingyun Li, Xiaohuan Cao and Xianqiang Tang Water 2019, 11(9), 1892; doi:10.3390/w11091892 Article: Hydrochemical Characteristics and Water Quality Assessment for the Upper Reaches of Syr Darya River in Aral Sea Basin, Central Asia Long Ma, Jilili Abuduwaili, Yaoming Li, Salamat Abdyzhapar uulu and Shuyong Mu Water 2019, 11(9), 1893; doi:10.3390/w11091893 Article: Organic Contaminants in Zooplankton of Italian Subalpine Lakes: Patterns of Distribution and Seasonal Variations Simona Pascariello, Michela Mazzoni, Roberta Bettinetti, Marina Manca, Martina Patelli, Roberta Piscia, Sara Valsecchi and Stefano Polesello Water 2019, 11(9), 1901; doi:10.3390/w11091901 Article: The Impact of the Quality of Tap Water and the Properties of Installation Materials on the Formation of Biofilms Dorota Papciak, Barbara Tchórzewska-Cieślak, Andżelika Domoń, Anna Wojtuś, Jakub Żywiec and Janusz Konkol Water 2019, 11(9), 1903; doi:10.3390/w11091903 Article: Potential of Water Hyacinth Infestation on Lake Tana, Ethiopia: A Prediction Using a GIS-Based Multi-Criteria Technique Minychl G. Dersseh, Aron A. Kibret, Seifu A. Tilahun, Abeyou W. Worqlul, Mamaru A. Moges, Dessalegn C. Dagnew, Wubneh B. Abebe and Assefa M. Melesse Water 2019, 11(9), 1921; doi:10.3390/w11091921 Article: Examination of Nutrient Sources and Transport in a Catchment with an Audubon Certified Golf Course Emilio Grande, Ate Visser, Pamela Beitz and Jean Moran Water 2019, 11(9), 1923; doi:10.3390/w11091923 Article: The Influence of Riparian Corridor Land Use on the Pesquería River’s Macroinvertebrate Community (N.E. Mexico) Daniel Castro-López, Pablo Rodríguez-Lozano, Rebeca Arias-Real, Víctor Guerra-Cobián and Narcís Prat Water 2019, 11(9), 1930; doi:10.3390/w11091930 Article: The Effect of Chironomid Larvae on Nitrogen Cycling and Microbial Communities in Soft Sediments Aurelija Samuiloviene, Marco Bartoli, Stefano Bonaglia, Ulisse Cardini, Irma Vybernaite-Lubiene, Ugo Marzocchi, Jolita Petkuviene, Tobia Politi, Anastasija Zaiko and Mindaugas Zilius Water 2019, 11(9), 1931; doi:10.3390/w11091931 Article: Seasonal and Scale Effects of Anthropogenic Pressures on Water Quality and Ecological Integrity: A Study in the Sabor River Basin (NE Portugal) Using Partial Least Squares-Path Modeling António Carlos Pinheiro Fernandes, Luís Filipe Sanches Fernandes, Daniela Patrícia Salgado Terêncio, Rui Manuel Vitor Cortes and Fernando António Leal Pacheco Water 2019, 11(9), 1941; doi:10.3390/w11091941 Article: Pseudo-nitzschia Blooms in a Coastal Upwelling System: Remote Sensing Detection, Toxicity and Environmental Variables Jesus M. Torres Palenzuela, Luis González Vilas, Francisco M. Bellas, Elina Garet, África González-Fernández and Evangelos Spyrakos Water 2019, 11(9), 1954; doi:10.3390/w11091954 Communication: Making Sense of “Day Zero”: Slow Catastrophes, Anthropocene Futures, and the Story of Cape Town’s Water Crisis Nick Shepherd Water 2019, 11(9), 1744; doi:10.3390/w11091744 Editorial: Environmental Flows Determination and Monitoring with Hydraulic Habitat Models—Pushing the Boundaries of Habitat Models Application Piotr Parasiewicz, Paweł Prus, Christos Theodoropoulos, Knut Alfredsen, Mikołaj Adamczyk, Claudio Comoglio and Paolo Vezza Water 2019, 11(9), 1950; doi:10.3390/w11091950 Water Resources Management and Governance Article: The Spatiotemporal Variability of Evapotranspiration and Its Response to Climate Change and Land Use/Land Cover Change in the Three Gorges Reservoir Hejia Wang, Weihua Xiao, Yong Zhao, Yicheng Wang, Baodeng Hou, Yuyan Zhou, Heng Yang, Xuelei Zhang and Hao Cui Water 2019, 11(9), 1739; doi:10.3390/w11091739 Article: Engaging with Flows: Embodied Cognition in Water Provision Edwin Rap and Pieter van der Zaag Water 2019, 11(9), 1751; doi:10.3390/w11091751 Article: Virtual Water Flow and Water Footprint Assessment of an Arid Region: A Case Study of South Khorasan Province, Iran Ehsan Qasemipour and Ali Abbasi Water 2019, 11(9), 1755; doi:10.3390/w11091755 Article: Research on the Allocation of Flood Drainage Rights of the Sunan Canal Based on a Bi-level Multi-Objective Programming Model Dandan Zhang, Juqin Shen, Fuhua Sun, Bo Liu, Zeyu Wang, Kaize Zhang and Lin Li Water 2019, 11(9), 1769; doi:10.3390/w11091769 Article: Trade-Offs between Human and Environment: Challenges for Regional Water Management under Changing Conditions Elmira Hassanzadeh Water 2019, 11(9), 1773; doi:10.3390/w11091773 Article: Rice Irrigation Schedule Optimization Based on the AquaCrop Model: Study of the Longtouqiao Irrigation District Biying Zhai, Qiang Fu, Tianxiao Li, Dong Liu, Yi Ji, Mo Li and Song Cui Water 2019, 11(9), 1799; doi:10.3390/w11091799 Article: The Influence of Channel Morphological Changes on Environmental Flow Requirements in Urban Rivers Liu Zhang, Buxian Yuan, Xinan Yin and Yanwei Zhao Water 2019, 11(9), 1800; doi:10.3390/w11091800 Article: Unfolding the Water Framework Directive Implementation at the River Basin District Scale: An Italian Case Study on Irrigation Measures Emilia Pellegrini, Lucia Bortolini and Edi Defrancesco Water 2019, 11(9), 1804; doi:10.3390/w11091804 Article: Clogging Issues with Aquifer Storage and Recovery of Reclaimed Water in the Brackish Werribee Aquifer, Melbourne, Australia Pieter J. Stuyfzand and Javier Osma Water 2019, 11(9), 1807; doi:10.3390/w11091807 Article: Assessment of the Effect of Mulch Film on Crops in the Arid Agricultural Region of China under Future Climate Scenarios Lu Deng, Xianyong Meng, Ruide Yu and Qian Wang Water 2019, 11(9), 1819; doi:10.3390/w11091819 Article: Application of GALDIT in Assessing the Seawater Intrusion Vulnerability of Jeju Island, South Korea Sun Woo Chang, Il-Moon Chung, Min-Gyu Kim, Mesfin Tolera and Gi-Won Koh Water 2019, 11(9), 1824; doi:10.3390/w11091824 Article: The Groundwater‒Energy‒Food Nexus in Iran’s Agricultural Sector: Implications for Water Security Atena Mirzaei, Bahram Saghafian, Ali Mirchi and Kaveh Madani Water 2019, 11(9), 1835; doi:10.3390/w11091835 Article: Multi-Objective Optimal Scheduling Model of Dynamic Control of Flood Limit Water Level for Cascade Reservoirs Guanjun Liu, Hui Qin, Qin Shen, Rui Tian and Yongqi Liu Water 2019, 11(9), 1836; doi:10.3390/w11091836 Article: GLOF Risk Assessment Model in the Himalayas: A Case Study of a Hydropower Project in the Upper Arun River Rana Muhammad Ali Washakh, Ningsheng Chen, Tao Wang, Sundas Almas, Sajid Rashid Ahmad and Mahfuzur Rahman Water 2019, 11(9), 1839; doi:10.3390/w11091839 Article: Comparative Analysis of Building Representations in TELEMAC-2D for Flood Inundation in Idealized Urban Districts Zejin Li, Jiahong Liu, Chao Mei, Weiwei Shao, Hao Wang and Dianyi Yan Water 2019, 11(9), 1840; doi:10.3390/w11091840 Article: Modeling Spatiotemporal Rainfall Variability in Paraíba, Brazil Elias Silva de Medeiros, Renato Ribeiro de Lima, Ricardo Alves de Olinda and Carlos Antonio Costa dos Santos Water 2019, 11(9), 1843; doi:10.3390/w11091843 Article: WinSLAMM Simulation of Hydrologic Performance of Permeable Pavements—A Case Study in the Semi-Arid Lower Rio Grande Valley of South Texas, United States Taufiqul Alam, Ahmed Mahmoud, Kim D. Jones, Juan César Bezares-Cruz and Javier Guerrero Water 2019, 11(9), 1865; doi:10.3390/w11091865 Article: Managed Aquifer Recharge as a Strategic Storage and Urban Water Management Tool in Darwin, Northern Territory, Australia Anthony Knapton, Declan Page, Joanne Vanderzalm, Dennis Gonzalez, Karen Barry, Andrew Taylor, Nerida Horner, Chris Chilcott and Cuan Petherem Water 2019, 11(9), 1869; doi:10.3390/w11091869 Article: Experience is Key: Examining the Relative Importance of Factors Influencing Individuals’ Water Conservation Derrick Holland, Kristina Janét and Asheley Landrum Water 2019, 11(9), 1870; doi:10.3390/w11091870 Article: Automatic Control of the Middle Route Project for South-to-North Water Transfer Based on Linear Model Predictive Control Algorithm Lingzhong Kong, Jin Quan, Qian Yang, Peibing Song and Jie Zhu Water 2019, 11(9), 1873; doi:10.3390/w11091873 Article: Optimization of the Multi-Start Strategy of a Direct-Search Algorithm for the Calibration of Rainfall–Runoff Models for Water-Resource Assessment Liliana García-Romero, Javier Paredes-Arquiola, Abel Solera, Edgar Belda, Joaquín Andreu and Sonia T. Sánchez-Quispe Water 2019, 11(9), 1876; doi:10.3390/w11091876 Article: Leaf Wetness Duration Models Using Advanced Machine Learning Algorithms: Application to Farms in Gyeonggi Province, South Korea Junsang Park, Ju-Young Shin, Kyu Rang Kim and Jong-Chul Ha Water 2019, 11(9), 1878; doi:10.3390/w11091878 Article: Dam Site Suitability Mapping and Analysis Using an Integrated GIS and Machine Learning Approach Rami Al-Ruzouq, Abdallah Shanableh, Abdullah Gokhan Yilmaz, AlaEldin Idris, Sunanda Mukherjee, Mohamad Ali Khalil and Mohamed Barakat A. Gibril Water 2019, 11(9), 1880; doi:10.3390/w11091880 Article: Flash Flood Risk Perception by the Population of Mindelo, S. Vicente (Cape Verde) Bruno Martins, Adélia Nunes, Luciano Lourenço and Fátima Velez-Castro Water 2019, 11(9), 1895; doi:10.3390/w11091895 Article: System Dynamics Approach to Groundwater Storage Modeling for Basin-Scale Planning Guy Bates, Mario Beruvides and Clifford B. Fedler Water 2019, 11(9), 1907; doi:10.3390/w11091907 Article: Development Trend and Frontier of Stormwater Management (1980–2019): A Bibliometric Overview Based on CiteSpace Jing Wu, Xinyu Wu and Jiawei Zhang Water 2019, 11(9), 1908; doi:10.3390/w11091908 Article: Optimized Conditioning Factors Using Machine Learning Techniques for Groundwater Potential Mapping Bahareh Kalantar, Husam A. H. Al-Najjar, Biswajeet Pradhan, Vahideh Saeidi, Alfian Abdul Halin, Naonori Ueda and Seyed Amir Naghibi Water 2019, 11(9), 1909; doi:10.3390/w11091909 Article: Characteristics and Drivers of Reference Evapotranspiration in Hilly Regions in Southern China Youcun Liu, Yan Liu, Ming Chen, David Labat, Yongtao Li, Xiaohui Bian and Qianqian Ding Water 2019, 11(9), 1914; doi:10.3390/w11091914 Article: Water Brokers: Exploring Urban Water Governance through the Practices of Tanker Water Supply in Accra Rossella Alba, Antje Bruns, Lara Esther Bartels and Michelle Kooy Water 2019, 11(9), 1919; doi:10.3390/w11091919 Article: Water Infrastructure Always In-The-Making: Distributing Water and Authority through the Water Supply Network in Moamba, Mozambique Luis Miguel Silva-Novoa Sanchez, Jeltsje Sanne Kemerink-Seyoum and Margreet Zwarteveen Water 2019, 11(9), 1926; doi:10.3390/w11091926 Article: Sites and Indicators of MAR as a Successful Tool to Mitigate Climate Change Effects in Spain Enrique Fernández Escalante, Jon San Sebastián Sauto and Rodrigo Calero Gil Water 2019, 11(9), 1943; doi:10.3390/w11091943 Article: Analysis of Rainfall Trends and Extreme Precipitation in the Middle Adriatic Side, Marche Region (Central Italy) Matteo Gentilucci, Maurizio Barbieri, Han Soo Lee and Dino Zardi Water 2019, 11(9), 1948; doi:10.3390/w11091948 Communication: Water in Descriptions of Global Geoparks: Not Less Important than Geology? Dmitry A. Ruban Water 2019, 11(9), 1866; doi:10.3390/w11091866 Case Report: Improving the Accuracy of Hydrodynamic Simulations in Data Scarce Environments Using Bayesian Model Averaging: A Case Study of the Inner Niger Delta, Mali, West Africa Md Mominul Haque, Ousmane Seidou, Abdolmajid Mohammadian, Abdouramane Gado Djibo, Stefan Liersch, Samuel Fournet, Sara Karam, Edangodage Duminda Pradeep Perera and Martin Kleynhans Water 2019, 11(9), 1766; doi:10.3390/w11091766 Case Report: Emergency Disposal Solution for Control of a Giant Landslide and Dammed Lake in Yangtze River, China Guiya Chen, Xiaofeng Zhao, Yanlai Zhou, Shenglian Guo, Chong-Yu Xu and Fi-John Chang Water 2019, 11(9), 1939; doi:10.3390/w11091939 Water–Food–Energy Nexus Article: Restructuring a Water Distribution Network through the Reactivation of Decommissioned Water Tanks Giacomo Viccione, Laura Ingenito, Stefania Evangelista and Carmine Cuozzo Water 2019, 11(9), 1740; doi:10.3390/w11091740 Article: Changes in Fish Taxonomy Affect Freshwater Biogeographical Regionalisations: Insights from Greece Theocharis Vavalidis, Stamatis Zogaris, Alcibiades N. Economou, Athanasios S. Kallimanis and Dimitra C. Bobori Water 2019, 11(9), 1743; doi:10.3390/w11091743 Article: The Impact of Climate Change on Crop Production in Uganda—An Integrated Systems Assessment with Water and Energy Implications Vignesh Sridharan, Eunice Pereira Ramos, Eduardo Zepeda, Brent Boehlert, Abhishek Shivakumar, Constantinos Taliotis and Mark Howells Water 2019, 11(9), 1805; doi:10.3390/w11091805 Article: Water-Energy Nexus for an Italian Storage Hydropower Plant under Multiple Drivers Mattia Bonato, Alessandro Ranzani, Epari Ritesh Patro, Ludovic Gaudard and Carlo De Michele Water 2019, 11(9), 1838; doi:10.3390/w11091838 Article: Willingness to Pay for Enhanced Water Security in a Rapidly Developing Shale Gas Region in China Danlu Jiang, Dong Bai, Zhaowei Yin and Gongyuan Fan Water 2019, 11(9), 1888; doi:10.3390/w11091888 Article: The Performance of Satellite-Based Actual Evapotranspiration Products and the Assessment of Irrigation Efficiency in Egypt Saher Ayyad, Islam S. Al Zayed, Van Tran Thi Ha and Lars Ribbe Water 2019, 11(9), 1913; doi:10.3390/w11091913 Article: Machine Learning Approaches to Develop Pedotransfer Functions for Tropical Sri Lankan Soils M.H.J.P. Gunarathna, Kazuhito Sakai, Tamotsu Nakandakari, Kazuro Momii and M.K.N. Kumari Water 2019, 11(9), 1940; doi:10.3390/w11091940 Correction: Correction: Gisele Cristina Rubert et al., Evapotranspiration of the Brazilian Pampa Biome: Seasonality and Influential Factors. Water 2018, 10, 1864 Gisele Cristina Rubert, Débora Regina Roberti, Luis Santos Pereira, Fernando L.F. Quadros, Haroldo Fraga de Campos Velho and Osvaldo Luiz Leal de Moraes Water 2019, 11(9), 1890; doi:10.3390/w11091890 Hydraulics Article: On the Variability of the Circulation and Water Mass Properties in the Eastern Levantine Sea between September 2016–August 2017 Elena Mauri, Lina Sitz, Riccardo Gerin, Pierre-Marie Poulain, Daniel Hayes and Hezi Gildor Water 2019, 11(9), 1741; doi:10.3390/w11091741 Article: Scour Evolution Downstream of Submerged Weirs in Clear Water Scour Conditions Dawei Guan, Jingang Liu, Yee-Meng Chiew and Yingzheng Zhou Water 2019, 11(9), 1746; doi:10.3390/w11091746 Article: Impact Assessment of Pier Shape and Modifications on Scouring around Bridge Pier Rashid Farooq and Abdul Razzaq Ghumman Water 2019, 11(9), 1761; doi:10.3390/w11091761 Article: Combined Effect of Tides and Wind on Water Exchange in a Semi-Enclosed Shallow Sea Jiancheng Shang, Jian Sun, Lei Tao, Yuanyi Li, Zhenhua Nie, Haiying Liu, Rui Chen and Dekui Yuan Water 2019, 11(9), 1762; doi:10.3390/w11091762 Article: Hydraulic Jump below Abrupt Asymmetric Expanding Stilling Basin on Rough Bed Nafiseh Torkamanzad, Ali Hosseinzadeh Dalir, Farzin Salmasi and Akram Abbaspour Water 2019, 11(9), 1756; doi:10.3390/w11091756 Article: Resistance of Laminar Drain Reinforcement Levee against Overflow Erosion Yuki Kurakami and Yasuo Nihei Water 2019, 11(9), 1768; doi:10.3390/w11091768 Article: The Effect of Modifying a CFD-AB Approach on Fish Passage through a Model Hydraulic Dam Anvar Gilmanov, Daniel Zielinski, Vaughan Voller and Peter Sorensen Water 2019, 11(9), 1776; doi:10.3390/w11091776 Article: Numerical Simulation of the Sound Field of a Five-Stage Centrifugal Pump with Different Turbulence Models Li Wang, Houlin Liu, Kai Wang, Ling Zhou, Xiaoping Jiang and Yu Li Water 2019, 11(9), 1777; doi:10.3390/w11091777 Article: A Comparative Study of Comprehensive Modeling Systems for Sediment Transport in a Curved Open Channel Keivan Kaveh, Markus Reisenbüchler, Sandip Lamichhane, Tobias Liepert, Ngoc Dung Nguyen, Minh Duc Bui and Peter Rutschmann Water 2019, 11(9), 1779; doi:10.3390/w11091779 Article: Levantine Intermediate and Levantine Deep Water Formation: An Argo Float Study from 2001 to 2017 Elisabeth Kubin, Pierre-Marie Poulain, Elena Mauri, Milena Menna and Giulio Notarstefano Water 2019, 11(9), 1781; doi:10.3390/w11091781 Article: Protecting a Pumping Pipeline System from Low Pressure Transients by Using Air Pockets: A Case Study Rafael Bernardo Carmona-Paredes, Oscar Pozos-Estrada, Libia Georgina Carmona-Paredes, Alejandro Sánchez-Huerta, Eduardo Antonio Rodal-Canales and Germán Jorge Carmona-Paredes Water 2019, 11(9), 1786; doi:10.3390/w11091786 Article: Effect of a Commercial Air Valve on the Rapid Filling of a Single Pipeline: a Numerical and Experimental Analysis Óscar E. Coronado-Hernández, Mohsen Besharat, Vicente S. Fuertes-Miquel and Helena M. Ramos Water 2019, 11(9), 1814; doi:10.3390/w11091814 Article: Comparisons of Local Scouring for Submerged Square and Circular Cross-Section Piles in Steady Currents Shengtao Du and Bingchen Liang Water 2019, 11(9), 1820; doi:10.3390/w11091820 Article: Effects of Spur Dikes on Water Flow Diversity and Fish Aggregation Tingjie Huang, Yan Lu and Huaixiang Liu Water 2019, 11(9), 1822; doi:10.3390/w11091822 Article: Modelling of Flow Parameters through Subsurface Drainage Modules for Application in BIOECODS Abdurrasheed Sa’id Abdurrasheed, Khamaruzaman Wan Yusof, Ebrahim Hamid Hussein Alqadami, Husna Takaijudin, Aminuddin Ab. Ghani, Muhammad Mujahid Muhammad, Abdulkadir Taofeeq Sholagberu, Muhammad Kashfy Zainalfikry, Manal Osman and Mohammed Shihab Patel Water 2019, 11(9), 1823; doi:10.3390/w11091823 Article: Effects of Climate Change and Flow Regulation on the Flow Characteristics of a Low-Relief River within Southern Boreal Climate Area Elina Kasvi, Eliisa Lotsari, Miia Kumpumäki, Tanja Dubrovin and Noora Veijalainen Water 2019, 11(9), 1827; doi:10.3390/w11091827 Article: Confluence Dynamics in a Modelled Large Sand-Bed Braided River Haiyan Yang and Peitong Cong Water 2019, 11(9), 1829; doi:10.3390/w11091829 Article: Application of an Analytic Methodology to Estimate the Movements of Moored Vessels Based on Forecast Data José Sande, Andrés Figuero, Javier Tarrío-Saavedra, Enrique Peña, Alberto Alvarellos and Juan Ramón Rabuñal Water 2019, 11(9), 1841; doi:10.3390/w11091841 Article: Enhancing the Flow Characteristics in a Branching Channel Based on a Two-Dimensional Depth-Averaged Flow Model Hydar Lafta Ali, Badronnisa Yusuf, Thamer Ahamed Mohammed, Yasuyuki Shimizu, Mohd Shahrizal Ab Razak and Balqis Mohamed Rehan Water 2019, 11(9), 1863; doi:10.3390/w11091863 Article: Transient Hydraulic Tomography Analysis of Fourteen Pumping Tests at a Highly Heterogeneous Multiple Aquifer–Aquitard System Zhanfeng Zhao, Walter A. Illman, Yuanyuan Zha, Tian-Chyi Jim Yeh, Chin Man Bill Mok, Steven J. Berg and Dongmei Han Water 2019, 11(9), 1864; doi:10.3390/w11091864 Article: Simulation of the Transient Characteristics of Water Pipeline Leakage with Different Bending Angles Qiaoling Zhang, Feng Wu, Zhendong Yang, Guodong Li and Juanli Zuo Water 2019, 11(9), 1871; doi:10.3390/w11091871 Article: Smooth Open Channel with Increasing Aspect Ratio: Influence on Secondary Flow Siyu Jing, Wenjun Yang and Yue Chen Water 2019, 11(9), 1872; doi:10.3390/w11091872 Article: Case Study: Model Test on the Effects of Grade Control Datum Drop on the Upstream Bed Morphology in Shiting River Xudong Ma, Lu Wang, Ruihua Nie, Kejun Yang and Xingnian Liu Water 2019, 11(9), 1898; doi:10.3390/w11091898 Article: Turbulence Characteristics before and after Scour Upstream of a Scaled-Down Bridge Pier Model Seung Oh Lee and Seung Ho Hong Water 2019, 11(9), 1900; doi:10.3390/w11091900 Article: Development of a Safety-Inspection Method for River Bridges in Turkey Huseyin Akay, Musteyde Baduna Kocyigit and A. Melih Yanmaz Water 2019, 11(9), 1902; doi:10.3390/w11091902 Article: Application of MODFLOW with Boundary Conditions Analyses Based on Limited Available Observations: A Case Study of Birjand Plain in East Iran Reza Aghlmand and Ali Abbasi Water 2019, 11(9), 1904; doi:10.3390/w11091904 Article: Wall Stresses in Cylinder of Stationary Piped Carriage Using COMSOL Multiphysics Xiaoni Yang, Juanjuan Ma, Yongye Li, Xihuan Sun, Xiaomeng Jia and Yonggang Li Water 2019, 11(9), 1910; doi:10.3390/w11091910 Article: Modeling Sugar Beet Responses to Irrigation with AquaCrop for Optimizing Water Allocation Margarita Garcia-Vila, Rodrigo Morillo-Velarde and Elias Fereres Water 2019, 11(9), 1918; doi:10.3390/w11091918 Article: A Numerical Study of Fluid Flow in a Vertical Slot Fishway with the Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics Method Gorazd Novak, Angelantonio Tafuni, José M. Domínguez, Matjaž Četina and Dušan Žagar Water 2019, 11(9), 1928; doi:10.3390/w11091928 Article: Improving Flows in Misaligned Culverts Rick Jaeger, Carolyn Jacobs, Katharina Tondera and Neil Tindale Water 2019, 11(9), 1932; doi:10.3390/w11091932 Article: Concentration Measurement of Uniform Particles Based on Backscatter Sensing of Optical Fibers Rui Huang, Qinghe Zhang, Pengfei Qi and Weiwei Liu Water 2019, 11(9), 1955; doi:10.3390/w11091955 Hydrology Article: The Stable Isotopic Composition of Different Water Bodies at the Soil–Plant–Atmosphere Continuum (SPAC) of the Western Loess Plateau, China Cunwei Che, Mingjun Zhang, Athanassios A. Argiriou, Shengjie Wang, Qinqin Du, Peipei Zhao and Zhuanzhuan Ma Water 2019, 11(9), 1742; doi:10.3390/w11091742 Article: Transient Flow and Transport Modelling of an Historical CHC Source in North-West Milano Loris Colombo, Luca Alberti, Pietro Mazzon and Giovanni Formentin Water 2019, 11(9), 1745; doi:10.3390/w11091745 Article: Assessment of Sediment Transport Functions with the Modified SWAT-Twn Model for a Taiwanese Small Mountainous Watershed Chih-Mei Lu and Li-Chi Chiang Water 2019, 11(9), 1749; doi:10.3390/w11091749 Article: Can We Calibrate a Daily Time-Step Hydrological Model Using Monthly Time-Step Discharge Data? Soham Adla, Shivam Tripathi and Markus Disse Water 2019, 11(9), 1750; doi:10.3390/w11091750 Article: A Regression Model of Stream Water Quality Based on Interactions between Landscape Composition and Riparian Buffer Width in Small Catchments Teresa Cristina Tarlé Pissarra, Carlos Alberto Valera, Renata Cristina Araújo Costa, Hygor Evangelista Siqueira, Marcílio Vieira Martins Filho, Renato Farias do Valle Júnior, Luís Filipe Sanches Fernandes and Fernando António Leal Pacheco Water 2019, 11(9), 1757; doi:10.3390/w11091757 Article: Stable Isotope Composition of River Waters across the World Yi Nan, Fuqiang Tian, Hongchang Hu, Lixin Wang and Sihan Zhao Water 2019, 11(9), 1760; doi:10.3390/w11091760 Article: Estimating the Isotopic Altitude Gradient for Hydrogeological Studies in Mountainous Areas: Are the Low-Yield Springs Suitable? Insights from the Northern Apennines of Italy Alberto Tazioli, Federico Cervi, Marco Doveri, Mario Mussi, Manuela Deiana and Francesco Ronchetti Water 2019, 11(9), 1764; doi:10.3390/w11091764 Article: Hydrogeological and Climatological Risks Perception in a Multi-Hazard Environment: The Case of Greece Katerina Papagiannaki, Michalis Diakakis, Vassiliki Kotroni, Kostas Lagouvardos and Emmanuel Andreadakis Water 2019, 11(9), 1770; doi:10.3390/w11091770 Article: Assessing the Performance of CMIP5 Global Climate Models for Simulating Future Precipitation Change in the Tibetan Plateau Kun Jia, Yunfeng Ruan, Yanzhao Yang and Chao Zhang Water 2019, 11(9), 1771; doi:10.3390/w11091771 Article: Geochemical and Isotopic Compositions and Geothermometry of Thermal Waters in the Magumsan Area, South Korea Chan-Ho Jeong, Byeong-Dae Lee, Jae-Ha Yang, Keisuke Nagao, Kyu-Han Kim, Sang-Won Ahn, Yong-Cheon Lee, Yu-Jin Lee and Hyeon-Woo Jang Water 2019, 11(9), 1774; doi:10.3390/w11091774 Article: Trend Analysis of Hydroclimatic Variables in the Kamo River Basin, Japan Maochuan Hu, Takahiro Sayama, Sophal TRY, Kaoru Takara and Kenji Tanaka Water 2019, 11(9), 1782; doi:10.3390/w11091782 Article: Role of Groundwater-Borne Geogenic Phosphorus for the Internal P Release in Shallow Lakes Catharina S. Nisbeth, Søren Jessen, Ole Bennike, Jacob Kidmose and Kasper Reitzel Water 2019, 11(9), 1783; doi:10.3390/w11091783 Article: The Well Efficiency Criteria Revisited—Development of a General Well Efficiency Criteria (GWEC) Based on Rorabaugh’s Model Bedri Kurtulus, Tolga Necati Yaylım, Ozgur Avşar, Halit Fatih Kulac and Moumtaz Razack Water 2019, 11(9), 1784; doi:10.3390/w11091784 Article: Estimating Evaporation from Irrigation Canals in the Midstream Areas of the Heihe River Basin by a Double-Deck Surface Air Layer (DSAL) Model Weizhen Wang, Feinan Xu, Suhua Liu, Long Wei, Jiaojiao Feng, Haining Wei, Leilei Dong, Yueru Wu and Tetsuo Kobayashi Water 2019, 11(9), 1788; doi:10.3390/w11091788 Article: Advanced Method to Capture the Time-Lag Effects between Annual NDVI and Precipitation Variation Using RNN in the Arid and Semi-Arid Grasslands Taosuo Wu, Feng Feng, Qian Lin and Hongmei Bai Water 2019, 11(9), 1789; doi:10.3390/w11091789 Article: Drought Risk under Climate and Land Use Changes: Implication to Water Resource Availability at Catchment Scale Muhammad Afzal and Ragab Ragab Water 2019, 11(9), 1790; doi:10.3390/w11091790 Article: An Improved Genetic Algorithm Coupling a Back-Propagation Neural Network Model (IGA-BPNN) for Water-Level Predictions Nengcheng Chen, Chang Xiong, Wenying Du, Chao Wang, Xin Lin and Zeqiang Chen Water 2019, 11(9), 1795; doi:10.3390/w11091795 Article: Impacts of Climate Change on the Hydro-Climate of Peninsular Malaysia Ir. Mohd Zaki bin Mat Amin, Ali Ercan, Kei Ishida, M. Levent Kavvas, Z.Q. Chen and Su-Hyung Jang Water 2019, 11(9), 1798; doi:10.3390/w11091798 Article: Interannual Hydroclimatic Variability of the Lake Mweru Basin, Zambia Peter Waylen, Christopher Annear and Erin Bunting Water 2019, 11(9), 1801; doi:10.3390/w11091801 Article: Estimation of Soil Erosion in the Chaohu Lake Basin through Modified Soil Erodibility Combined with Gravel Content in the RUSLE Model Sai Hu, Long Li, Longqian Chen, Liang Cheng, Lina Yuan, Xiaodong Huang and Ting Zhang Water 2019, 11(9), 1806; doi:10.3390/w11091806 Article: Hydrological Early Warning System Based on a Deep Learning Runoff Model Coupled with a Meteorological Forecast Alberto de la Fuente, Viviana Meruane and Carolina Meruane Water 2019, 11(9), 1808; doi:10.3390/w11091808 Article: Nonstationary Flood Hazard Analysis in Response to Climate Change and Population Growth Lei Yan, Lingqi Li, Pengtao Yan, Hongmou He, Jing Li and Dongyang Lu Water 2019, 11(9), 1811; doi:10.3390/w11091811 Article: Estimation of Unsaturated Hydraulic Conductivity of Granular Soils from Particle Size Parameters Ji-Peng Wang, Pei-Zhi Zhuang, Ji-Yuan Luan, Tai-Heng Liu, Yi-Ran Tan and Jiong Zhang Water 2019, 11(9), 1826; doi:10.3390/w11091826 Article: The Long-Term Effects of Land Use and Climate Changes on the Hydro-Morphology of the Reno River Catchment (Northern Italy) Donatella Pavanelli, Claudio Cavazza, Stevo Lavrnić and Attilio Toscano Water 2019, 11(9), 1831; doi:10.3390/w11091831 Article: Trends in Drought over the Northeast United States Nir Y. Krakauer, Tarendra Lakhankar and Damien Hudson Water 2019, 11(9), 1834; doi:10.3390/w11091834 Article: Application of Stable Isotopes of Water to Study Coupled Submarine Groundwater Discharge and Nutrient Delivery Carlos Duque, Søren Jessen, Joel Tirado-Conde, Sachin Karan and Peter Engesgaard Water 2019, 11(9), 1842; doi:10.3390/w11091842 Article: A Novel Hybrid Extreme Learning Machine Approach Improved by K Nearest Neighbor Method and Fireworks Algorithm for Flood Forecasting in Medium and Small Watershed of Loess Region Juanhui Ren, Bo Ren, Qiuwen Zhang and Xiuqing Zheng Water 2019, 11(9), 1848; doi:10.3390/w11091848 Article: Morphological Changes of the Lower Tedori River, Japan, over 50 Years Dang Minh Hai, Shinya Umeda and Masatoshi Yuhi Water 2019, 11(9), 1852; doi:10.3390/w11091852 Article: Long-Term Trends and Seasonality Detection of the Observed Flow in Yangtze River Using Mann-Kendall and Sen’s Innovative Trend Method Rawshan Ali, Alban Kuriqi, Shadan Abubaker and Ozgur Kisi Water 2019, 11(9), 1855; doi:10.3390/w11091855 Article: Rainfall–Runoff Processes and Modelling in Regions Characterized by Deficiency in Soil Water Storage Pengfei Shi, Tao Yang, Chong-Yu Xu, Bin Yong, Ching-Sheng Huang, Zhenya Li, Youwei Qin, Xiaoyan Wang, Xudong Zhou and Shu Li Water 2019, 11(9), 1858; doi:10.3390/w11091858 Article: Source Identification and Quantification of Seepage Water in a Coastal Mine, in China Xueliang Duan, Fengshan Ma, Jie Guo, Haijun Zhao, Hongyu Gu, Shuaiqi Liu and Qihao Sun Water 2019, 11(9), 1862; doi:10.3390/w11091862 Article: Hydrodynamic-Based Numerical Assessment of Flood Risk of Tamuín City, Mexico, by Tampaón River: A Forecast Considering Climate Change Clemente Rodríguez-Cuevas, Hermann Rocha-Escalante, Carlos Couder-Castañeda, Isaac Medina and Jorge J. Hernández-Gómez Water 2019, 11(9), 1867; doi:10.3390/w11091867 Article: High Resolution Monitoring of Seawater Intrusion in a Multi-Aquifer System-Implementation of a New Downhole Geophysical Tool Adi Tal, Yishai Weinstein, Matthieu Baïsset, Arik Golan and Yoseph Yechieli Water 2019, 11(9), 1877; doi:10.3390/w11091877 Article: Groundwater Recharge Prediction Using Linear Regression, Multi-Layer Perception Network, and Deep Learning Xin Huang, Lei Gao, Russell S. Crosbie, Nan Zhang, Guobin Fu and Rebecca Doble Water 2019, 11(9), 1879; doi:10.3390/w11091879 Article: A Comprehensive Performance Assessment of the Modified Philip–Dunne Infiltrometer Zuhier Alakayleh, Xing Fang and T. Prabhakar Clement Water 2019, 11(9), 1881; doi:10.3390/w11091881 Article: Hydrodynamic and Soil Biodiversity Characterization in an Active Landslide Sara Remelli, Emma Petrella, Alessandro Chelli, Federica Delia Conti, Carlos Lozano Fondón, Fulvio Celico, Roberto Francese and Cristina Menta Water 2019, 11(9), 1882; doi:10.3390/w11091882 Article: A Study on the Improvement of Flood Forecasting Techniques in Urban Areas by Considering Rainfall Intensity and Duration Yeon Moon Choo, Deok Jun Jo, Gwan Seon Yun and Eui Hoon Lee Water 2019, 11(9), 1883; doi:10.3390/w11091883 Article: Flood Risk Assessment of the Wadi Nu’man Basin, Mecca, Saudi Arabia (During the Period, 1988–2019) Based on the Integration of Geomatics and Hydraulic Modeling: A Case Study Ashraf Abdelkarim and Ahmed F.D. Gaber Water 2019, 11(9), 1887; doi:10.3390/w11091887 Article: Dependence Between Extreme Rainfall Events and the Seasonality and Bivariate Properties of Floods. A Continuous Distributed Physically-Based Approach Ivan Gabriel-Martin, Alvaro Sordo-Ward, Luis Garrote and Juan T. García Water 2019, 11(9), 1896; doi:10.3390/w11091896 Article: The Role of Management of Stream–Riparian Zones on Subsurface–Surface Flow Components Mads Steiness, Søren Jessen, Mattia Spitilli, Sofie G. W. van’t Veen, Anker Lajer Højberg and Peter Engesgaard Water 2019, 11(9), 1905; doi:10.3390/w11091905 Article: Evaluation of MOD16 Algorithm over Irrigated Rice Paddy Using Flux Tower Measurements in Southern Brazil Vanessa de Arruda Souza, Débora Regina Roberti, Anderson Luis Ruhoff, Tamíres Zimmer, Daniela Santini Adamatti, Luis Gustavo G. de Gonçalves, Marcelo Bortoluzzi Diaz, Rita de Cássia Marques Alves and Osvaldo L. L. de Moraes Water 2019, 11(9), 1911; doi:10.3390/w11091911 Article: Physically Based Estimation of Rainfall Thresholds Triggering Shallow Landslides in Volcanic Slopes of Southern Italy Francesco Fusco, Pantaleone De Vita, Benjamin B. Mirus, Rex L. Baum, Vincenzo Allocca, Rita Tufano, Enrico Di Clemente and Domenico Calcaterra Water 2019, 11(9), 1915; doi:10.3390/w11091915 Article: Temporal and Spatial Characteristics of Precipitation and Temperature in Punjab, Pakistan Zain Nawaz, Xin Li, Yingying Chen, Yanlong Guo, Xufeng Wang and Naima Nawaz Water 2019, 11(9), 1916; doi:10.3390/w11091916 Article: Pilot-Scale Evaluation of a Permeable Reactive Barrier with Compost and Brown Coal to Treat Groundwater Contaminated with Trichloroethylene S. Johana Grajales-Mesa and Grzegorz Malina Water 2019, 11(9), 1922; doi:10.3390/w11091922 Article: The Effect of Hydrological Connectivity on the Zooplankton Structure in Floodplain Lakes of a Regulated Large River (the Lower Vistula, Poland) Paweł Napiórkowski, Martyna Bąkowska, Natalia Mrozińska, Monika Szymańska, Nikola Kolarova and Krystian Obolewski Water 2019, 11(9), 1924; doi:10.3390/w11091924 Article: Investigation of Karst Spring Flow Cessation Using Grey System Models Yaru Guo, Tian-Chyi Jim Yeh and Yonghong Hao Water 2019, 11(9), 1927; doi:10.3390/w11091927 Article: Support Vector Regression Integrated with Fruit Fly Optimization Algorithm for River Flow Forecasting in Lake Urmia Basin Saeed Samadianfard, Salar Jarhan, Ely Salwana, Amir Mosavi, Shahaboddin Shamshirband and Shatirah Akib Water 2019, 11(9), 1934; doi:10.3390/w11091934 Article: Flood Monitoring in Vegetated Areas Using Multitemporal Sentinel-1 Data: Impact of Time Series Features Viktoriya Tsyganskaya, Sandro Martinis and Philip Marzahn Water 2019, 11(9), 1938; doi:10.3390/w11091938 Article: Assessing the Fresh–Saline Groundwater Distribution in the Nile Delta Aquifer Using a 3D Variable-Density Groundwater Flow Model Marmar Mabrouk, Andreja Jonoski, Gualbert H. P. Oude Essink and Stefan Uhlenbrook Water 2019, 11(9), 1946; doi:10.3390/w11091946 Article: Reconstruction of Thermal Conditions in the Subboreal Inferred from Isotopic Studies of Groundwater and Calcareous Tufa from the Spring Mire Cupola in Wardzyń (Central Poland) Tomasz Gruszczyński, Jerzy J. Małecki, Anastasiia Romanova and Maciej Ziułkiewicz Water 2019, 11(9), 1945; doi:10.3390/w11091945 Article: Glacier Surface Mass Balance in the Suntar-Khayata Mountains, Northeastern Siberia Yong Zhang, Xin Wang, Zongli Jiang, Junfeng Wei, Hiroyuki Enomoto and Tetsuo Ohata Water 2019, 11(9), 1949; doi:10.3390/w11091949 Article: Hydro-Meteorological Trends in the Upper Omo-Ghibe River Basin, Ethiopia Dessalegn Jaweso, Brook Abate, Andreas Bauwe and Bernd Lennartz Water 2019, 11(9), 1951; doi:10.3390/w11091951 Article: Spatio-Temporal Groundwater Drought Monitoring Using Multi-Satellite Data Based on an Artificial Neural Network Jae Young Seo and Sang-Il Lee Water 2019, 11(9), 1953; doi:10.3390/w11091953 Editorial: Statistical Analysis and Stochastic Modelling of Hydrological Extremes Hossein Tabari Water 2019, 11(9), 1861; doi:10.3390/w11091861 Editorial: Soil and Water Conservation in Agricultural and Forestry Systems Manuel López-Vicente and Gao-Lin Wu Water 2019, 11(9), 1937; doi:10.3390/w11091937 Correction: Correction: Hu, Q., et al. Rainfall Spatial Estimations: A Review from Spatial Interpolation to Multi-Source Data Merging. Water 2019, 11, 579 Qingfang Hu, Zhe Li, Leizhi Wang, Yong Huang, Yintang Wang and Lingjie Li Water 2019, 11(9), 1936; doi:10.3390/w11091936 Water Use and Scarcity Review: Sustainable Irrigation in Agriculture: An Analysis of Global Research Juan F. Velasco-Muñoz, José A. Aznar-Sánchez, Ana Batlles-delaFuente and Maria Dolores Fidelibus Water 2019, 11(9), 1758; doi:10.3390/w11091758 Article: A Modified Surface Energy Balance to Estimate Crop Transpiration and Soil Evaporation in Micro-Irrigated Orchards Camilo Souto, Octavio Lagos, Eduardo Holzapfel, Mahesh Lal Maskey, Lynn Wunderlich, Kristen Shapiro, Giulia Marino, Richard Snyder and Daniele Zaccaria Water 2019, 11(9), 1747; doi:10.3390/w11091747 Article: Farmers’ Attitudes to the Pricing of Natural Resources for Sustainability: GAP-Şanlıurfa Sampling of Turkey Mustafa Hakki Aydogdu Water 2019, 11(9), 1772; doi:10.3390/w11091772 Article: Crop Performance and Water Productivity of Transplanted Rice as Affected by Seedling Age and Seedling Density under Alternate Wetting and Drying Conditions in Lao PDR Rubenito Lampayan, Phetmanyseng Xangsayasane and Crisanta Bueno Water 2019, 11(9), 1816; doi:10.3390/w11091816 Article: A Comprehensive Modelling Approach to Assess Water Use Efficiencies of Different Irrigation Management Options in Rice Irrigation Districts of Northern Italy Alice Mayer, Michele Rienzner, Sandra Cesari de Maria, Marco Romani, Alberto Lasagna and Arianna Facchi Water 2019, 11(9), 1833; doi:10.3390/w11091833 Article: Reverse QMRA as a Decision Support Tool: Setting Acceptable Concentration Limits forPseudomonas aeruginosa and Naegleria fowleri Md Rasheduzzaman, Rajveer Singh, Charles N. Haas, Dienye Tolofari, Hamed Yassaghi, Kerry A. Hamilton, Zhao Yang and Patrick L. Gurian Water 2019, 11(9), 1850; doi:10.3390/w11091850 Article: Estimating Peak Daily Water Demand under Different Climate Change and Vacation Scenarios Erwin Vonk, Dirk Gijsbert Cirkel and Mirjam Blokker Water 2019, 11(9), 1874; doi:10.3390/w11091874 Article: Evaluating Evaporation Methods for Estimating Small Reservoir Water Surface Evaporation in the Brazilian Savannah Daniel Althoff, Lineu Neiva Rodrigues and Demetrius David da Silva Water 2019, 11(9), 1942; doi:10.3390/w11091942 Article: Runoff Harvesting Site Suitability Analysis for Wildlife in Sub-Desert Regions Masoud Jafari Shalamzari, Wanchang Zhang, Atefeh Gholami and Zhijie Zhang Water 2019, 11(9), 1944; doi:10.3390/w11091944 Article: Climate Change Made Major Contributions to Soil Water Storage Decline in the Southwestern US during 2003–2014 Jianzhao Liu, Liping Gao, Fenghui Yuan, Yuedong Guo and Xiaofeng Xu Water 2019, 11(9), 1947; doi:10.3390/w11091947 Article: Sustainable Irrigation Using Non-Conventional Resources: What has Happened after 30 Years Regarding Boron Phytotoxicity? Vanessa Mendoza-Grimón, Juan Ramón Fernández-Vera, Jose Manuel Hernández-Moreno and María del Pino Palacios-Díaz Water 2019, 11(9), 1952; doi:10.3390/w11091952 Water and Wastewater Treatment Article: Application of Poly-γ-Glutamic Acid Flocculant to Flocculation–Sedimentation Treatment of Ultrafine Cement Suspension Tomokazu Yanagibashi, Motoyoshi Kobayashi and Keisuke Omori Water 2019, 11(9), 1748; doi:10.3390/w11091748 Article: Application of Arthrospira (Spirulina) platensis against Chemical Pollution of Water Inga Tabagari, Maritsa Kurashvili, Tamar Varazi, George Adamia, George Gigolashvili, Marina Pruidze, Liana Chokheli, Gia Khatisashvili and Peter von Fragstein und Niemsdorff Water 2019, 11(9), 1759; doi:10.3390/w11091759 Article: Elementary Iodine-Doped Activated Carbon as an Oxidizing Agent for the Treatment of Arsenic-Enriched Drinking Water Fabio Spaziani, Yuli Natori, Yoshiaki Kinase, Tomohiko Kawakami and Katsuyoshi Tatenuma Water 2019, 11(9), 1778; doi:10.3390/w11091778 Article: Heterotrophic Kinetic Study and Nitrogen Removal of a Membrane Bioreactor System Treating Real Urban Wastewater under a Pharmaceutical Compounds Shock: Effect of the Operative Variables Antonio Monteoliva-García, Juan Carlos Leyva-Díaz, Cristina López-López, José Manuel Poyatos, María del Mar Muñío and Jaime Martín-Pascual Water 2019, 11(9), 1785; doi:10.3390/w11091785 Article: Au/ZnO Hybrid Nanostructures on Electrospun Polymeric Mats for Improved Photocatalytic Degradation of Organic Pollutants Laura Campagnolo, Simone Lauciello, Athanassia Athanassiou and Despina Fragouli Water 2019, 11(9), 1787; doi:10.3390/w11091787 Article: The Influence of Bottom Sediments and Inoculation with Rhizobacterial Inoculants on the Physiological State of Plants Used in Urban Plantings Anna Wyrwicka, Magdalena Urbaniak, Grzegorz Siebielec, Sylwia Siebielec, Joanna Chojak-Koźniewska, Mirosław Przybylski, Aleksandra Witusińska and Petra Susan Kidd Water 2019, 11(9), 1792; doi:10.3390/w11091792 Article: Enhanced Photo-Catalytic Performance of Activated Carbon Fibers for Water Treatment Konstantinos V. Plakas, Athina Taxintari and Anastasios J. Karabelas Water 2019, 11(9), 1794; doi:10.3390/w11091794 Article: The-Proof-of-Concept of Biochar Floating Cover Influence on Water pH Zhanibek Meiirkhanuly, Jacek A. Koziel, Andrzej Białowiec, Chumki Banik and Robert C. Brown Water 2019, 11(9), 1802; doi:10.3390/w11091802 Article: Scaling up Microbial Fuel Cells for Treating Swine Wastewater Yuko Goto and Naoko Yoshida Water 2019, 11(9), 1803; doi:10.3390/w11091803 Article: Activated Carbon Mixed with Marine Sediment is Suitable as Bioanode Material for Spartina anglica Sediment/Plant Microbial Fuel Cell: Plant Growth, Electricity Generation, and Spatial Microbial Community Diversity Emilius Sudirjo, Cees J.N. Buisman and David P.B.T.B. Strik Water 2019, 11(9), 1810; doi:10.3390/w11091810 Article: Application of Cold Region Regenerable Biomass in Phosphorus Adsorption in Reclaimed Water Jinghui Wu, Xiangyu Li, Zhian Ying, Chi Wang, Wu Yang, Mingxin Huo, Chyi-How Lay and Xianze Wang Water 2019, 11(9), 1815; doi:10.3390/w11091815 Article: Degradation of Methylene Blue via Dielectric Barrier Discharge Plasma Treatment Lihang Wu, Qinglong Xie, Yongbo Lv, Zhenyu Wu, Xiaojiang Liang, Meizhen Lu and Yong Nie Water 2019, 11(9), 1818; doi:10.3390/w11091818 Article: Enhanced Flocculation Using Drinking Water Treatment Plant Sedimentation Residual Solids Sandhya Rao Poleneni, Enos Inniss, Honglan Shi, John Yang, Bin Hua and Joseph Clamp Water 2019, 11(9), 1821; doi:10.3390/w11091821 Article: Reusing Treated Waste-Water from a Circular Economy Perspective—The Case of the Real Acequia de Moncada in Valencia (Spain) Joep Hagenvoort, Mar Ortega-Reig, Salut Botella, Carla García, Ana de Luis and Guillermo Palau-Salvador Water 2019, 11(9), 1830; doi:10.3390/w11091830 Article: Effect of Different Copper Levels on Growth and Morpho-Physiological Parameters in Giant Reed (Arundo donax L.) in Semi-Hydroponic Mesocosm Experiment Fabrizio Pietrini, Monica Carnevale, Claudio Beni, Massimo Zacchini, Francesco Gallucci and Enrico Santangelo Water 2019, 11(9), 1837; doi:10.3390/w11091837 Article: Treatment of a Mature Landfill Leachate: Comparison between Homogeneous and Heterogeneous Photo-Fenton with Different Pretreatments Javier Tejera, Ruben Miranda, Daphne Hermosilla, Iñigo Urra, Carlos Negro and Ángeles Blanco Water 2019, 11(9), 1849; doi:10.3390/w11091849 Article: Household Willingness to Pay for Wastewater Treatment and Water Supply System Improvement in a Ger Area in Ulaanbaatar City, Mongolia Ariuntuya Byambadorj and Han Soo Lee Water 2019, 11(9), 1856; doi:10.3390/w11091856 Article: A Thermal Model for Predicting the Performance of a Solar Still with Fresnel Lens Ana Johnson, Lei Mu, Young Ho Park, Delia J. Valles, Huiyao Wang, Pei Xu, Krishna Kota and Sarada Kuravi Water 2019, 11(9), 1860; doi:10.3390/w11091860 Article: Application of Ultraviolet Light-Emitting Diodes (UV-LED) to Full-Scale Drinking-Water Disinfection Peter Jarvis, Olivier Autin, Emma H. Goslan and Francis Hassard Water 2019, 11(9), 1894; doi:10.3390/w11091894 Article: Mining Rock Wastes for Water Treatment: Potential Reuse of Fe- and Mn-Rich Materials for Arsenic Removal Barbara Casentini, Marco Lazzazzara, Stefano Amalfitano, Rosamaria Salvatori, Daniela Guglietta, Daniele Passeri, Girolamo Belardi and Francesca Trapasso Water 2019, 11(9), 1897; doi:10.3390/w11091897 Article: Preparation of Activated Biochar-Supported Magnetite Composite for Adsorption of Polychlorinated Phenols from Aqueous Solutions Byung-Moon Jun, Yejin Kim, Jonghun Han, Yeomin Yoon, Jeonggwan Kim and Chang Min Park Water 2019, 11(9), 1899; doi:10.3390/w11091899 Article: Functionalized Leather: A Novel and Effective Hazardous Solid Waste Adsorbent for the Removal of the Diazo Dye Congo Red from Aqueous Solution Camila Clavijo and Johann F. Osma Water 2019, 11(9), 1906; doi:10.3390/w11091906 Article: Adsorptive Removal of Iron and Manganese from Groundwater Samples in Ghana by Zeolite Y Synthesized from Bauxite and Kaolin Bright Kwakye-Awuah, Baah Sefa-Ntiri, Elizabeth Von-Kiti, Isaac Nkrumah and Craig Williams Water 2019, 11(9), 1912; doi:10.3390/w11091912 Article: Acetaminophen Removal from Water by Microalgae and Effluent Toxicity Assessment by the Zebrafish Embryo Bioassay Carla Escapa, Ricardo N. Coimbra, Teresa Neuparth, Tiago Torres, Miguel M. Santos and Marta Otero Water 2019, 11(9), 1929; doi:10.3390/w11091929 Article: Groundwater Autochthonous Microbial Communities as Tracers of Anthropogenic Pressure Impacts: Example from a Municipal Waste Treatment Plant (Latium, Italy) David Rossi, Anna Barra Caracciolo, Paola Grenni, Flavia Cattena, Martina Di Lenola, Luisa Patrolecco, Nicoletta Ademollo, Ruggiero Ciannarella, Giuseppe Mascolo and Stefano Ghergo Water 2019, 11(9), 1933; doi:10.3390/w11091933 Article: Removal of >10 µm Microplastic Particles from Treated Wastewater by a Disc Filter Márta Simon, Alvise Vianello and Jes Vollertsen Water 2019, 11(9), 1935; doi:10.3390/w11091935 Urban Water Management Review: Wetland Roofs as an Attractive Option for Decentralized Water Management and Air Conditioning Enhancement in Growing Cities—A Review Andreas Zehnsdorf, Keani C. U. Willebrand, Ralf Trabitzsch, Sarah Knechtel, Michael Blumberg and Roland A. Müller Water 2019, 11(9), 1845; doi:10.3390/w11091845 Article: Optimize Short-Term Rainfall Forecast with Combination of Ensemble Precipitation Nowcasts by Lagrangian Extrapolation Wooyoung Na and Chulsang Yoo Water 2019, 11(9), 1752; doi:10.3390/w11091752 Article: Using Remote Sensing Based Metrics to Quantify the Hydrological Response in a City Charlotte Wirion, Willy Bauwens and Boud Verbeiren Water 2019, 11(9), 1763; doi:10.3390/w11091763 Article: Evaluating the Risk-Based Performance of Bioinfiltration Facilities under Climate Change Scenarios Conor Lewellyn and Bridget Wadzuk Water 2019, 11(9), 1765; doi:10.3390/w11091765 Article: Assessing Risks from Groundwater Exploitation and Utilization: Case Study of the Shanghai Megacity, China Hui Zhang, Jingjie Yu, Chaoyang Du, Jun Xia and Xiaojun Wang Water 2019, 11(9), 1775; doi:10.3390/w11091775 Article: Influence of Intermittence and Pressure Differentials in Hydrogen Sulfide Concentration in a Gravity Sewer Rita Ventura Matos, Filipa Ferreira and José Saldanha Matos Water 2019, 11(9), 1780; doi:10.3390/w11091780 Article: Assessing the Freshwater Quality of a Large-Scale Mining Watershed: The Need for Integrated Approaches Daniel Mercado-Garcia, Eveline Beeckman, Jana Van Butsel, Nilton Deza Arroyo, Marco Sanchez Peña, Cécile Van Buggendhoudt, Nancy De Saeyer, Marie Anne Eurie Forio, Karel A. C. De Schamphelaere, Guido Wyseure and Peter Goethals Water 2019, 11(9), 1797; doi:10.3390/w11091797 Article: The Influence of Urban Flooding on Residents’ Daily Travel: A Case Study of Macau with Proposed Ameliorative Strategies Kehong Li and Long Zhou Water 2019, 11(9), 1825; doi:10.3390/w11091825 Article: Using High-Density LiDAR Data and 2D Streamflow Hydraulic Modeling to Improve Urban Flood Hazard Maps: A HEC-RAS Multi-Scenario Approach Alin Mihu-Pintilie, Cătălin Ioan Cîmpianu, Cristian Constantin Stoleriu, Martín Núñez Pérez and Larisa Elena Paveluc Water 2019, 11(9), 1832; doi:10.3390/w11091832 Article: Estimating Errors in Sizing LID Device and Overflow Prediction Using the Intensity-Duration-Frequency Method Shuangcheng Tang, Qing Xu, Zhonghua Jia, Wan Luo and Zhengxiao Shao Water 2019, 11(9), 1853; doi:10.3390/w11091853 Article: Spatiotemporal Water Quality Variations in Smaller Water Supply Systems: Using Modified CCME WQI from Groundwater Source to Distribution Networks Husnain Haider, Mohammed Hammed Alkhowaiter, Md. Shafiquzzaman, Saleem S. AlSaleem, Meshal Almoshaogeh and Fawaz Alharbi Water 2019, 11(9), 1884; doi:10.3390/w11091884 Article: Physical Experiment and Modeling of the Transport and Deposition of Polydisperse Particles in Stormwater: Effects of a Depth-Dependent Initial Filter Coefficient Zhike Zou, Longcang Shu, Xing Min and Esther Chifuniro Mabedi Water 2019, 11(9), 1885; doi:10.3390/w11091885 Article: Hydrogeochemical Assessment of Groundwater Quality of Mokopane Area, Limpopo, South Africa Using Statistical Approach Mmasabata Dolly Molekoa, Ram Avtar, Pankaj Kumar, Huynh Vuong Thu Minh and Tonni Agustiono Kurniawan Water 2019, 11(9), 1891; doi:10.3390/w11091891 Technical Note: Physical Parameterization of IDF Curves Based on Short-Duration Storms Alfonso Gutierrez-Lopez, Sergio Bernardo Jimenez Hernandez and Carlos Escalante Sandoval Water 2019, 11(9), 1813; doi:10.3390/w11091813

Special Issues Open for Submissions Multiplicity, Characteristics, Main Impacts, and Stewardship of Natural and Artificial Freshwater Environments: Consequences for Biodiversity Conservation (Deadline: 9 October 2019) Resilient and Robust Water Distribution Systems: State-of-the-Art and Research Challenges (Deadline: 10 October 2019) Managing Water Resources in Large River Basins (Deadline: 14 October 2019) Flood Risk Analysis and Management from a Systems Approach (Deadline: 15 October 2019) Damaging Hydrogeological Events (Deadline: 16 October 2019) To access the full list of Special Issues, please click here

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Recent Special Issue Reprints Climate Variability and Climate Change Impacts on Land Surface, Hydrological Processes and Water Management Yongqiang Zhang, Hongxia Li and Paolo Reggiani (Eds.) ISBN 978-3-03921-507-2 (Pbk); ISBN 978-3-03921-508-9 (PDF) https://doi.org/10.3390/books978-3-03921-508-9 Modeling and Practice of Erosion and Sediment Transport under Change Gil Mahé, Hafzullah Aksoy and Mohamed Meddi (Eds.) ISBN 978-3-03921-431-0 (Pbk); ISBN 978-3-03921-432-7 (PDF) https://doi.org/10.3390/books978-3-03921-432-7 Water-Worked Bedload: Hydrodynamic and Mass Transport Paweł M. Rowiński and Subhasish Dey (Eds.) ISBN 978-3-03921-301-6 (Pbk); ISBN 978-3-03921-302-3 (PDF) https://doi.org/10.3390/books978-3-03921-302-3 Efficiency of Bank Filtration and Post-Treatment Thomas Grischek and Chittaranjan Ray (Eds.) ISBN 978-3-03921-305-4 (Pbk); ISBN 978-3-03921-306-1 (PDF) https://doi.org/10.3390/books978-3-03921-306-1 The Challenges of Water Management and Governance in Cities Cornelis Johannes (Kees) van Leeuwen, Jan Hofman, Peter Driessen and Jos Frijns (Eds.) ISBN 978-3-03921-150-0 (Pbk); ISBN 978-3-03921-151-7 (PDF) https://doi.org/10.3390/books978-3-03921-151-7 To access the full list of books, please click here

Upcoming Conference 8th International Conference on Flood Management (ICFM8) (The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA, 17–19 August 2020)

"Thanks to your efforts to bring in two women for campus interviews, you now have approval to hire the old white guy." - @ass_deans

CRS Report: 'Civilian Nuclear Waste Disposal' Updated 16 September 2019

Mark Holt updated (16 September 2019) this CRS report, Civilian Nuclear Waste Disposal.

Still don't have a solution to this issue. I still like deep burial within a formation like the Pierre Shale or salt deposits like the WIPP. One of these days....

Download CRS_Civilian_Nuclear_WasteDisposal_16Sep2019

Summary
Management of civilian radioactive waste has posed difficult issues for Congress since the beginning of the nuclear power industry in the 1950s. Federal policy is based on the premise that nuclear waste can be disposed of safely, but proposed storage and disposal facilities have frequently been challenged on safety, health, and environmental grounds. Although civilian radioactive waste encompasses a wide range of materials, most of the current debate focuses on highly radioactive spent fuel from nuclear power plants. The United States currently has no permanent disposal facility for spent nuclear fuel or other highly radioactive waste.

The Nuclear Waste Policy Act of 1982 (NWPA) calls for disposal of spent nuclear fuel in a deep geologic repository. NWPA requires the Department of Energy (DOE) to develop such a repository, which would be licensed by the Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC). Amendments to NWPA in 1987 restricted DOE’s repository site studies to Yucca Mountain in Nevada. DOE submitted a license application for the proposed Yucca Mountain repository to NRC on June 3, 2008. The State of Nevada strongly opposes the Yucca Mountain project, citing excessive water infiltration, earthquakes, volcanoes, human intrusion, and other technical issues.

Licensing and design work for the proposed Yucca Mountain repository was halted under the Obama Administration, which cited continued opposition from Nevada. To develop an alternative nuclear waste policy, the Obama Administration established the Blue Ribbon Commission on America’s Nuclear Future, which in 2012 recommended a “consent based” process for siting nuclear waste storage and disposal facilities.

The Trump Administration included funds to restart Yucca Mountain licensing in its FY2018, FY2019, and FY2020 budget submissions to Congress. The FY2018 and FY2019 Yucca Mountain funding requests were not enacted. For FY2020, the House did not provide funding for Yucca Mountain in the Energy and Water Development appropriations bill (H.R. 2740), and the Senate Appropriations Committee also provided no funding in its version of the bill (S. 2470), approved September 12, 2019.

Several nuclear waste bills have been introduced in the 116th Congress. The Senate Energy and Natural Resources Committee held a hearing June 27, 2019, on a bill to create a Nuclear Waste Administration to implement a consent-based siting process for nuclear waste facilities (S. 1234). Newly proposed waste sites would require consent by host states and affected local governments and Indian tribes. The bill would not affect the existing Yucca Mountain licensing process.

A bill to provide the necessary land controls for the planned Yucca Mountain repository (H.R. 2699) was introduced May 14, 2019. The bill also would authorize DOE to store commercial waste from nuclear power plants at a nonfederal interim storage facility and ease the capacity limit on the Yucca Mountain repository from 70,000 to 110,000 metric tons, in comparison with the approximately 80,000 metric tons currently stored at U.S. nuclear plants. It is similar to a bill passed by the House in the 115th Congress (H.R. 3053, H.Rept. 115-355).

Other nuclear waste bills in the 116th Congress would prohibit expenditures on the Yucca Mountain repository without state and local consent (H.R. 1544, S. 649), establish priorities for nuclear waste disposal (H.R. 2995), and authorize grants to communities to compensate for continued waste storage at closed reactors (S. 1985), among others.

Nonfederal interim storage facilities for spent nuclear fuel are being proposed in New Mexico and Texas. Interim storage proponents contend that DOE could fulfill its disposal obligations under NWPA by taking title to spent fuel at nuclear plant sites and storing it at private facilities until a permanent underground repository could be opened.

NWPA required DOE to begin removing spent fuel from reactor sites by January 31, 1998. Because that deadline was missed, nuclear utilities have sued DOE to recover the additional storage costs they have incurred, with damage payment so far totaling $7.4 billion.

 

Cutting to the chase...

Disposal of radioactive waste will be a key issue in the continuing nuclear power debate. Without central disposal or storage facilities, spent fuel from nuclear power plants must be stored on-site indefinitely. This situation has raised growing public concern near permanently closed nuclear plants, which cannot be fully decommissioned until their spent fuel is shipped off-site. Concern about spent fuel storage safety was heightened by the March 2011 disaster at Japan’s Fukushima Daiichi nuclear plant.

Under current law, the federal government’s nuclear waste disposal policy is focused on the Yucca Mountain site. However, President Obama’s actions to terminate the Yucca Mountain project and develop a new waste strategy through the Blue Ribbon Commission on America’s Nuclear Future brought most activities in the DOE waste program to a halt. Congress is continuing to debate the project’s future, particularly through the appropriations process. The NRC staff’s finding in October 2014 that the Yucca Mountain site would meet NRC standards after the repository was filled and sealed has been cited as evidence of the project’s continued viability.130

The Trump Administration’s proposed funding to restart Yucca Mountain licensing and the 2017 retirement of Senator Reid, who as Democratic Leader had strongly opposed the Yucca Mountain project, may affect legislative action on nuclear waste. In requesting $120 million in FY2018 for Yucca Mountain licensing and spent fuel storage, the Trump Administration said, “These investments would accelerate progress on fulfilling the Federal Government’s obligations to address nuclear waste, enhance national security, and reduce future taxpayer burden.”131 The Yucca Mountain funding was not approved for FY2018 or FY2019, but the Trump Administration has made a similar request for FY2020. The requested Yucca Mountain funding was not included in FY2020 Energy and Water Development appropriations bills passed by the House or approved by the Senate Appropriations Committee.

Because of their waste-disposal contracts with DOE, owners of existing reactors are likely to continue seeking damages from the federal government if disposal delays continue. For example, DOE’s 2004 settlement with the nation’s largest nuclear operator, Exelon, could require payments of up to $600 million from the federal judgment fund. DOE estimates that its potential liabilities for waste program delays could total as much as $35.5 billion, including the $7.4 billion already paid to Exelon and other utilities in settlements and final judgments. The nuclear industry has predicted that future damages could rise by tens of billions of dollars more if the federal disposal program fails altogether.

Lack of a nuclear waste disposal system could also affect the licensing of proposed new nuclear plants, both because of NRC licensing guidelines and various state laws.132 In addition, further repository delays could force DOE to miss compliance deadlines for defense waste disposal.

Problems being created by nuclear waste disposal delays were addressed by the Blue Ribbon Commission in its final report, issued in January 2012. Major options include centralized interim storage, continued storage at existing nuclear sites, reprocessing and waste treatment technology, development of alternative repository sites, or a combination. The commission recommended that a congressionally chartered corporation be established to undertake a negotiated process for siting new waste storage and disposal facilities.

The “consent based” nuclear waste siting process recommended by the Blue Ribbon Commission, and which would be authorized by several bills in Congress, has attracted serious interest from localities in New Mexico and Texas. However, previous voluntary siting efforts, such as those by the U.S. Nuclear Waste Negotiator established by the 1987 NWPA amendments, also attracted serious local interest but were ultimately blocked by the governments of the potential host states.

Therefore, the cooperation of states is likely to be crucial to the success of any renewed “consent based” siting effort.

Enjoy!

Reports likw this conjure memories of running around Nevada over 30 years ago. 

"The problem with cats is that they get the same exact look whether they see a moth or an ax-murderer." - @paulapoundstone